Abstract
Picea glehnii is one of the most important plantation species in Hokkaido, Japan. Basic density (BD) and microfibril angle (MFA) of the S2 layer in latewood tracheid in 16 full-sib families and their six parental clones planted in Hokkaido were examined to clarify among-family and clonal variations of wood properties and their inheritance from parents to offspring. Mean values of BD and MFA in full-sib families and parental clones were 0.36 and 0.35 g cm-3 and 16.1° and 10.7°, respectively. Estimated repeatabilities of BD and MFA in juvenile wood (jW) were higher than those in mature wood. In addition, larger genetic coefficient of variation was detected for jW, indicating that improvement of jW properties is important to Hokkaido’s tree breeding program. Parent-offspring correlation coefficients were positive and significant in all properties. These results suggest that the influence of parental clones on wood properties is inheritable to offspring. Moreover, there were no significant differences between reciprocal crosses of wood properties, suggesting that plus-tree clones with good wood properties can be used as either female or male parents for producing offspring. There is a possibility of improving wood properties in P. glehnii by crossing clones with desirable properties.
References
Alteyrac, J., Cloutier, A., Ung, C.H., Zhang, S.Y. (2006) Mechanical properties in relation to selected wood characteristics of black spruce. Wood Fiber Sci. 38:229–237.Search in Google Scholar
Cornelius, J. (1994) Heritabilities and additive genetic coefficients of variation in forest trees. Can. J. Forest Res. 24:372–379.10.1139/x94-050Search in Google Scholar
Falconer, D.S., Mackay, T.F.C. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics (4th ed.). Longman Group, Essex. 1996.Search in Google Scholar
Gräns, D., Hannrup, B., Isik, F., Lundqvist, S.O., McKeand, S. (2009) Genetic variation and relationships to growth traits for microfibril angle, wood density and modulus of elasticity in a Picea abies clonal trial in southern Sweden. Scand. J. Forest Res. 24:494–503.10.1080/02827580903280061Search in Google Scholar
Hannrup, B., Cahalan, C., Chantre, G., Grabner, M., Karlsson, B., Le Bayon, I., Jones, G.L., Müller, U., Pereira, H., Rodrigues, J.C., Rosner, S., Rozenberg, P., Wilhelmsson, L., Wimmer, R. (2004) Genetic parameters of growth and wood quality traits in Picea abies. Scand. J. Forest Res. 19:14–29.10.1080/02827580310019536Search in Google Scholar
Hirakawa, Y., Fujisawa, Y. (1996) The S2 microfibril angle variations in the vertical direction of latewood tracheids in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) trees. Mokuzai Gakkaishi 42:107–114. In Japanese with English summary.Search in Google Scholar
Iizuka, K., Akutsu, H., Itahana, N. (1999) Clonal variation of wood quality in the grafted plus-trees of Picea glehnii. J. Jpn Forest Soc. 81:325–329. In Japanese with English summary.Search in Google Scholar
Iizuka, K., Hayashi, E., Itahana, N. (2000) Comparative analysis of growth and wood quality of Picea glehnii plus-tree-clones growing in various seed orchards. J. Jpn. Forest Soc. 82:80–86. In Japanese with English summary.Search in Google Scholar
Ivkovich, M., Namkoong, G., Koshy, M. (2002) Genetic variation in wood properties of interior spruce. II. Tracheid characteristics. Can. J. Forest Res. 32:2128–2139.10.1139/x02-139Search in Google Scholar
Kawaguchi, N., Takahashi, M., Okubo, I. (1986) The qualities of plantation-grown akaezomatsu (I). J. Hokkaido Forest Res. Inst. 416:1–10.Search in Google Scholar
Kennedy, R.W. (1995) Coniferous wood quality in the future: concerns and strategies. Wood Sci. Technol. 29:321–338.10.1007/BF00202581Search in Google Scholar
Kita, K. (2008) Picea glehnii, P. jezoensis, P. abies. In: Forest Tree Breeding and Forest Genetic Resource in Hokkaido. Ed. Hokkaido Rinboku Ikusyu Kyokai. Ebetsu, Japan. pp. 61–81. In Japanese.Search in Google Scholar
Kobayashi, Y. (1952) A simple method of demonstrating the fibrillar orientation in lignified walls. J. Jpn. Forest Soc. 34:392–393. In Japanese.Search in Google Scholar
Koubaa, A., Isabel, N., Zhang, S.Y., Beaulieu, J., Bousquet, J. (2005) Transition from juvenile to mature wood in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.). Wood Fiber Sci. 37:445–455.Search in Google Scholar
Lenz, P., Cloutier, A., MacKay, J., Beaulieu, J. (2010) Genetic control of wood properties in Picea glauca: an analysis of trends with cambial age. Can. J. Forest Res. 40:703–715.10.1139/X10-014Search in Google Scholar
Lindstörm, H., Evans, R., Reale, M. (2005) Implications of selecting tree clones with high modulus of elasticity. N. Z. J. Forest Sci. 35:50–71.Search in Google Scholar
Lynch, M., Walsh, B. Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Sinauer, Sunderland, 1998.Search in Google Scholar
Oribe, Y., Kohno, K. (2000) Traits of growth rate in the intraspecific crossbreeds of Picea glehnii and in the species hybrids from Picea glehnii and Picea abies. Bull. Forest Tree Breed. Inst. 17:127–134. In Japanese with English summary.Search in Google Scholar
Panshin, A.J., de Zeeuw, C. Text Book of Wood Technology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1980.Search in Google Scholar
Senft, J.F., Bendtsen, B.A. (1985) Measuring microfibrilar angles using lightmicroscopy. Wood Fiber Sci. 17:564–567.Search in Google Scholar
R Development Core Team (2010) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0. http://www.R-project.org/.Search in Google Scholar
Rozenberg, P., Cahalan, C. (1997) Spruce and wood quality: genetic aspects (a review). Silvae Genet. 46:270–279.Search in Google Scholar
Yamashita, K., Kubojima, Y., Katsuki, T., Akashi, K. (2010) Wood properties of Picea koyamae: within-tree variation of grain angle, tracheid length, microfibril angle, wood density and shrinkage. Bull. FFPRI. 414:19–29.Search in Google Scholar
Zobel, B.J., van Buijtenen, J.P. Wood Variation: Its Causes and Control. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1989.10.1007/978-3-642-74069-5Search in Google Scholar
©2015 by De Gruyter
