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Abstract
Echinoderms, belonging to the group of deuterostome invertebrates, include more than 6,000 species of marine species and bottom dwellers. Although primitive in form, they reveal immune system that confers them protection against challenges from the environment and pathogens. The exposure to nanoparticles from the environment bears a negative impact on the immune system and health of the echinoderms. In this chapter, we highlight the immune system of echinoderms and the impact of nanoparticle contamination on the health, life, and immune system of echinoderms.
