Frederick II, a famous king of Prussia as a "typical educative autocrat", enacted on 32 August, 1763, a compulsory education law of 26 articles all over the country (general=Land=Schul=Reglenient, vom 12 August 1763). This school law is not only noteworthy as "the first elementary school law of the world in its proper sense", but also it sets "the model of modern compulsory education system." Frederick II made up his mind to enact this school law towards the close of the Seven Year War. His first motive was military. During the Seven Year War he suffered from the shortage of noncommissioned officers due to the fact that there were few soldiers in the Prussian Army who could write, for the non-commissioned officers were required to write in the performance of their duties-Hence the need for training the future competent people. His second motive was economic. Frederick II witnessed the value of the rural school, during his military campaign in Saxony, in promoting sericultural industry, which he was eager to patronize. From these military and economic viewpoints only, he attempted the development of rural schools. This school law was drafted by J. J. Hecker, who sought the foundation of the new law in the previously established law, Kgl. Preuss. Land=Schul=Ordnung, wie solche in Furstenthum und der Grafschaft Ravensberg durchgehends zu beobachten sey, vom 6. April 1754. Therefore, the fundamental principles of the new law were based on the provisions of the old law. The Hecker's draft was placed for deliberation before the Iutherlisches Oberkosistorium, and then enacted on 12 August 1763. Though this school law was the first of the centralist legislation affecting the whole kingdom, it is to be noted that it had a sectarian limitation in its effect. That is to say, the school law was put into effect only in the Lutheran school system. Furthermore, it had another limitation in terms of class. As shown in the title of the law, their school law was exclusively concerned with the rural schools and did not take the urban schools into consideration. (In those days, Prussia made a rigid separation between the rural villages and the metropolitan cities in accordance with its military and economic policy.) Therefore, it is to be mentioned that such school as provide equal education to all the people without distinction of class and creed does not fall into the scope of this school law.