The production and consumption of textiles rooted in traditional ways of life have undergone radical changes in terms of their materials, technologies, designs, and usage everywhere in the world. Yet those changes are not necessarily linear and common in every situation. The articles compiled under the special theme, Handwork: Authenticity of Hand-woven/Hand-embroidered Textiles "in Print," illustrate the ways in which a variety of actors are involved in the complex process of negotiations to situate traditional textiles in both local and global markets. The cases from Taiwan, China, India, and Turkey, based on long-term fieldwork in the production sites, are examined with a special emphasis on the concept of authenticity, which bears increasing importance in the face of cross-cultural consumption of locally meaningful textiles. At the same time, a concomitant tendency for further mechanization of textile production, typically printing motifs on the surface of fabrics, is analyzed from a viewpoint of its implication for the continuing production of handmade textiles.