Hand2Hand and Dot2Dot: developing instruments for the music classroom

This article explores the process of developing new software musical instruments for use in the Key Stage 2 (primary pupils aged between 7 and 11 years) and Key Stage 3 (secondary pupils aged between 11 and 14 years) music classrooms. It considers the process of instrument design, educational application and use through case studies drawn from the project's two distinct stages. It reflects on aspects related to instrument design, associated instrumental technique and learner motivation. It highlights the concept of infra-instruments as a potential way forward for further research and development, but emphasizes that a careful exploration of the performance ecology of the classroom (or other contexts for learning) is vital if musical performance tools are going to have the desired educational and musical impact.