On the Front Line: Quantitative Virus Dynamics in Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Colonies along a New Expansion Front of the Parasite Varroa destructor
Figure 2
Quantitative analysis of the phoretic Varroa infestation.
(A) Varroa prevalence. The proportion of colonies where mites could be retrieved (black) versus not retrieved (white) is presented in terms of the sampling site location and number of years Varroa had been detected in the area. A significant increase in Varroa prevalence along the sampling transect is symbolised by the red curve (GLMM, Z = 4.14, p<0.001, 27≤n≤39). (B) Varroa infestation levels according to the number of years of confirmed exposure to Varroa. Number of phoretic mites per 100 bees (27≤n≤39). Stars indicate significant differences between years of infestation (Pairwise post-hoc comparisons, p<0.01).