A novel binary pesticidal protein from Chryseobacterium arthrosphaerae controls western corn rootworm by a different mode of action to existing commercial pesticidal proteins
Fig 2
Activity of GDI0005A and GDI0006A proteins against western corn rootworm (WCR).
In Escherichia coli (A) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (B) strain lysates tested on WCR neonates (USDA ARS non-diapause susceptible colony) 5 days after treatment and infestation using artificial diet overlay bioassays. Activity was evaluated by assessing the percentage of mortality (black boxes) and the percentage of stunting (grey boxes). Each larva was fed on ~200 μL of WCR artificial diet overlaid with 20 μL of bacterial lysate. Bacterial lysates contained GDI0005A, GDI0006A or both proteins mixed. Negative controls consisted of lysates from bacteria transfected with the empty expression plasmid (empty lysate) and sterilized water (untreated control). The positive control consisted of lysates from bacteria transfected with a plasmid expressing the commercial Gpp34Ab1/Tpp35Ab1 binary proteins. Each experiment consisted of at least six 96-well plates each with 8 wells per treatment, totaling a sample size of 48 per treatment per experiment. A Fisher exact test was used to compare treatment results to the empty lysate at significance levels of P < 0.05* and <0.005**. The untreated control was only used to evaluate the quality and reliability of each bioassay. The error bars show the standard error of the mean (SEM).