L-cysteine improves blood fluidity impaired by acetaldehyde: In vitro evaluation
Fig 2
Microchannel obstruction and WBC adhesion.
(A) Percentage of microchannels obstructed following ACD addition. *, p < 0.001, 0 mM ACD vs. 3 mM ACD and 5 mM ACD. (B) Percentage of microchannels obstructed following addition of ACD and/or L-cysteine. *, p < 0.05, 5 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 0.5 mM L-cysteine; **, p < 0.001, 5 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 1 mM L-cysteine and 5 mM ACD with 2.5 mM L-cysteine; †, p < 0.001, 0 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine and 5 mM ACD with 0.5 mM L-cysteine; ††, p < 0.005, 0 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 1 mM L-cysteine. (C) The number of adherent WBCs on the microchannel terrace following ACD addition. *, p < 0.001, 0 mM ACD vs. 3 mM ACD and 5 mM ACD. (D) The number of adherent WBCs on the microchannel terrace following addition of ACD and/or L-cysteine. *, p < 0.001, 5 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 0.5 mM L-cysteine, 5 mM ACD with 1 mM L-cysteine and 5 mM ACD with 2.5 mM L-cysteine; †, p < 0.001, 0 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine and 5 mM ACD with 0.5 mM L-cysteine; ††, p < 0.01, 0 mM ACD with 0 mM L-cysteine vs. 5 mM ACD with 1 mM L-cysteine. LPF = low power field.