Blindness enhances auditory obstacle circumvention: Assessing echolocation, sensory substitution, and visual-based navigation
Fig 2
Representative participant trajectories under auditory guidance using echolocation (dotted line), SSD guidance (solid line) and visual guidance (dashed line) for a sighted participant (top left panel A), a blind non-echolocator (top right panel B), and the blind expert echolocator (BE, bottom left panel C). The obstacle is shown by the black rectangle. Data are shown for the left shoulder marker, for an approach distance of 1.5 m. The obstacle was placed 25 cm to the participant’s left.