Activation of Brainstem Pro-opiomelanocortin Neurons Produces Opioidergic Analgesia, Bradycardia and Bradypnoea
Fig 5
Frequency- and intensity-dependence of cardiorespiratory responses to NTSPOMC opto-stimulation.
The cardiorespiratory response to NTSPOMC opto-stimulation (4.6mW for 10s) was frequency-dependent: (A) bradycardia (n = 9); (B) RSA (n = 10); and (C) interbreath interval (n = 10). Similarly the cardiorespiratory response to opto-stimulation (10Hz for 10s) was dependent upon stimulus intensity (100% = 4.6mW): (D) bradycardia (n = 8); (E) RSA (n = 7); and (F) interbreath interval (n = 8). Data are shown as change from baseline, mean ± SEM; * p<0.05, ** p<0.01 *** p<0.001. Friedman tests with Dunn’s post-hoc analysis.