Modulation of Dendritic Cell Activation and Subsequent Th1 Cell Polarization by Lidocaine
Fig 3
Regulation of cytokines expression in dendritic cells in response to various TLR ligands by lidocaine.
(A & B) Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were stimulated with LPS (100 ng/ml), poly(I:C) (1 μg/ml) or R837 (1 μg/ml) in the presence of lidocaine (0.4 mg/ml) or vehicle. The amounts of IL–6 and TNF-α in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. (C) The mRNA levels of the indicated genes were analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. Data represent at least two independent experiments. Data shown are mean ± SEM. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ND, not detected.