Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Control of Secreted Factors for Blood Stem Cell Culture
Fig 4
Model predicts a PID controller is the optimal media delivery method.
[A] Different feeding strategies were investigated in silico. When normalized to day 16 total media requirements, a simple algorithm (RTC) significantly outperforms other media delivery strategies for CD34+ expansion (n = 100). [B] The PID controller performs optimally at a set point of 85 pg/mL for any fold volume increase (n = 100). [C] CD34+ expansion is improved using 12 hour sampling over 6 hour or 24 hour sampling (n = 100). [D] A 50-fold volume increase using the PID controller is the minimum fold volume increase to meet both concentration constraints (<400 pg/mL TGF-β1 on day 16 and <15% of time above 150 pg/mL) (n = 100). * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001.