Protein Kinase D Is Increased and Activated in Lung Epithelial Cells and Macrophages in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Figure 4
Expression of PKD3 in normal and IPF lung tissues.
Normal and IPF lung sections were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis by a PKD3 specific antibody at a dilution of 1∶500. A and B: normal lung BECs and AECs (black arrows) were weakly stained in the nuclei by the PKD3 antibody. Final magnification: ×400. C and C′: in IPF bronchi, PKD3 (red) was expressed in the cytoplasm (pink arrows) and nuclei (green arrows) of BECs and in smooth muscle cells (C, blue arrows). The region indicated in panel C (×100) is shown at higher magnification in C′ (×400). D and D′: in the fibrotic areas of IPF lung, PKD3 (red) was expressed in the cuboidal regenerative AECs (pink arrows) lining remodeled fibrotic alveolar septa and/or fibroblast foci and in macrophages (green arrows). The region indicated in panel D (×100) is shown at higher magnification in D′ (×400).