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Proline Modulates the Trypanosoma cruzi Resistance to Reactive Oxygen Species and Drugs through a Novel D, L-Proline Transporter
Figure 4
Effect of TcAAAP069 overexpression in stress and drug resistance.
A) About 3×106 parasites/ml (TcAAAP069 overexpressing parasites: 069, gray line 
; and GFP controls: GFP, black line •) were incubated with hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations from 0 to 1000 μM and counted 48 hours after treatment. IC50s were 136.6 μM and 94.7 μM for 069 and GFP, respectively. Yeast from the strain MG266 transformed with the plasmid p416-TcAAAP069 (069; gray line 
) or an empty p416 control (p416; black line •), were grown in YPD medium. Aliquots of about 1 OD were subjected to a treatment with hydrogen peroxide at different concentration from 0 to 1000 mM and counted 48 h after treatment (inset). IC50s were 122.4 mM and 55.9 mM for 069 and p416, respectively. B) The same parasites' groups used at point A) were incubated with diethylamine NONOate (a nitric oxide donor) at different concentrations from 0 to 10 mM and counted 48 hours after treatment. IC50s were 1135 μM and 535.6 μM for 069 and GFP, respectively. C) The same parasites' groups used at point A) were incubated with nifurtimox at different concentrations from 0 to 100 μM and counted 48 hours after treatment. IC50s were 4.6 μM and 2 μM for 069 and GFP, respectively. D) The same parasites' groups used at point A) were incubated with benznidazole at different concentrations from 0 to 1000 μM and counted 48 hours after treatment. IC50s were 15.1 μM and 9 μM for 069 and GFP, respectively. All the curves were adjusted using GraphPad Prism 6 software.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092028.g004