De-novo RNA Sequencing and Metabolite Profiling to Identify Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Korean Black Raspberry (Rubus coreanus Miquel)
Figure 4
The relative gene expression and subsequent anthocyanin amounts produced during the ripening process.
(A) Biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins. Enzyme names were abbreviated as follows: chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′-hydroxilase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX) and anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase (3GT). (B) Expression pattern of genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Expression levels of genes from ripening stage 2 and 3 were compared to stage 1. The means and standard errors were calculated from three independent measurements. Student's t test compared with Stage 1, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01 and *** P<0.001. (C) Anthocyanin contents determined by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS were represented by box-whisker plots. Metabolites were relatively quantified by their m/z peak areas with the instrument and data processing. The error bars are the standard deviations from three independent measurements.