Broadband Transmission EPR Spectroscopy
Figure 10
Frequency-dependent EPR signal assigned to S = 1 Ni(0) in male SMA connectors.
The minimum of the broad signal (determined as the zero crossing of the derivative) was followed with frequency decreasing in 0.1 GHz steps until disappearance in zero field. Two points around 4 GHz were obtained with an S-band bridge as source and power-meter detection; two points at 9.1 and 10.0 GHz obtained with an X-band bridge (not shown) were also on the straight-line fit that extrapolates to a zero-field splitting of 1.37 GHz or 0.0457 cm−1.