Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate Inhibits Autophagic Survival of Prostate Cancer Cells Induced by Vitamin K3 and Ascorbate to Trigger Cell Death
Figure 4
Treatment of PC3 cells with á-TOS+VK3+AA induces cell death via ROS-dependent and caspases-independent AIF translocation.
Panel (A) documents AIF-TRITC visualized by fluorescence microscope, magnification 600×, scale bar = 10 µm. (left panel), and western blot images (right panel) of AIF translocation to the cytosol and nucleus after180 min treatment with á-TOS (30 µM), VK3 and AA (3 µM VK3, 0.4 mM AA) in the absence or presence of NAC (10 mM) or z-VAD-fmk (10 µM). The AIF band density was normalized using â-actin or lamin, and is expressed as mean ± S.D. AIFcyto-AIFnucl/AIForg densitometry ratio. (B). Cytotoxic effect of the combinatorial treatment on PC3 cells in the absence or presence of NAC (10 mM) and z-VAD-fmk (10 µM) was evaluated as cell viability after 24 h of exposure of the cells to the drugs (C), and phase contrast micrographs of the cell treated correspondingly are depicted (D); magnification 200×, scale bar = 100 µm. The data shown are mean values ± S.D. (n = 3), the images are representative of three independent experiments. The symbol ‘*’ indicates statistically different results for untreated vs treated PC3 cells in the absence or presence of NAC or zVAD-fmk with p<0.05.