Modulation of GSK-3β Activity in Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Infection
Figure 2
Identification of a BIO derivative that inhibits VEEV replication and CPE.
A) U87MG astrocytes were pretreated for 2 hours with DMSO or various BIO derivatives at 1 µM, infected with VEEV TC-83 at MOI 0.1, and post-treated with compounds. Twenty-four hours post infection viral supernatants were collected and assayed for viral replication by q-RT-PCR. Compounds with an asterisk displayed greater than 1 log inhibition of viral replication. The horizontal bar indicates the level of viral replication displayed by the DMSO control. B) U87MG astrocytes were treated with DMSO or various BIO derivatives at 1 µM. Forty-eight hours post infection cell viability was measured by CellTiter Glo luminescence cell viability assay. The horizontal bar indicates the cell viability displayed by the DMSO control (set to 100%). C) U87MG astrocytes were pretreated for 2 hours with DMSO, BIO, #6, #8, #10, or #19 at 1 µM, infected with VEEV TC-83 at MOI 0.1, and post-treated with compounds. Twenty-four hours post infection viral supernatants were collected and assayed for viral replication by plaque assays. D) BIO derivatives were assayed for their ability to inhibit VEEV induced CPE. U87MG astrocytes were pretreated for 2 hours with DMSO or various BIO derivatives at 1 µM, infected with VEEV TC-83 at MOI 0.1, and post-treated with compounds. Forty-eight hours post infection CPE was measured by MTT assay. Mock infected cells are displayed at 100% viability. The horizontal bar indicates the cell viability displayed by the VEEV infected and DMSO control. Compound #6 has an asterisk as cells treated with it displayed the greatest cell viability following VEEV infection.