Evaluation of antibody serology to determine current helminth and Plasmodium falciparum infections in a co-endemic area in Southern Mozambique
Fig 9
Helminth antigen-specific IgG levels in non-endemic and endemic populations and seropositivity cutoffs by the Expectation-Maximization algorithm.
Antibody levels are presented as the log10-transformed median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of IgG against helminth antigens. In the endemic population, filled dots highlight individuals with a helminth infection with the corresponding parasite for each antigen detected by microscopy and/or qPCR. The dashed line represents the serology cutoff calculated with the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. Individuals above (orange) or below (grey) this cutoff were considered seropositive or seronegative, respectively. At the top of each plot, the absolute number and percentage of seropositive individuals with respect to the Non-Endemic (NE) (N = 50) or Endemic (E) (N = 715) populations are indicated. The boxplots represent the median (bold line), the mean (black diamond), the first and third quartiles (box) and the largest and smallest values within 1.5 times the interquartile range (whiskers). Data beyond the end of the whiskers are outliers.