Genetic variation in Interleukin-32 influence the immune response against New World Leishmania species and susceptibility to American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis
Fig 4
PBMCs from healthy donors from the 200FG cohort were stimulated with lysates (50 μg/mL) of L. amazonenis and L. braziliensis for 24 hours.
Cytokine levels of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β were measured. Cytokine levels were stratified for the different genotypes for (A) IL-32 rs4786370 (TT/CT n = 139; CC n = 25), (B) rs4349147 (GG/GA n = 140; AA n = 23), (C) rs1555001 (TT/AT n = 146; AA n = 17). Dotted line represents the basal level of cytokine production in the RPMI control. The data shown are the mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05 (TT/CT vs CC; GG/GA vs AA; TT/AT vs AA, respectively, Mann-Whitney U test).