An investigation into the role of chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine induced protective responses
Fig 7
IFN-γ cytokine concentrations.
Production of IFN-γ cytokine in supernatants during Specific (HPV, SEA and SWAP) and non-specific stimulation (CONA) and absence of stimulant (MED) in Schisto-infected+HPV, Schisto/PZQ+HPV vaccine and HPV Vaccine only(Control) groups. PBMCs collected from the 3 groups (n = 3) at the 4 time points; Week0 (Pre-vaccination), Week 4 (4 weeks after the 1st vaccination and before the 2nd dose), Week 6 (6 weeks after the 1st dose, 2 weeks after the 2nd dose), Week 8 (8 weeks after the 1st dose and 4 weeks after the 2nd dose) underwent stimulation with respective stimulants for 72hours, after which the supernatants were analyzed using ELISA. The bars represent the mean IFN-γ levels of each group at each time point. Non-parametric analysis (Kruskal Wallis, Dunn’s post hoc analysis) was applied. Data was considered statistically significant if p≤0.05.