Effectiveness of Lonomia antivenom in recovery from the coagulopathy induced by Lonomia orientoandensis and Lonomia casanarensis caterpillars in rats
Fig 5
Quantitative values of the Clotting Time—CT (A, C, E) and Clot Formation Time–CFT (B, D, F) obtained from the thromboelastometry of NATEM (A, B), INTEM (C, D), and EXTEM (E, F) of rats envenomed with the Lonomia scoli extracts and treated with LAV, in comparison to envenomed but non-treated animals.
The animals were injected i.d. with scoli extract of L. obliqua (Lob-150 µg), L. orientandensis (Lor-450 µg), or L. casanarensis (Lca–300 µg), which corresponded to 3 MDD (Minimum Defibrinating Dose) of each extract. One hour (Lob), or two hours (Lor and Lca) later, the animals were treated with LAV (1.5 mL, i.v.) or sterile saline, and blood was collected 24 h after the treatment. Thromboelastography was performed on citrated whole blood with the addition of 0.2 M calcium chloride (NATEM) or specific reagents for the analysis of the extrinsic pathway (EXTEM), or intrinsic pathway (INTEM). The control group consisted of non-envenomed rats that were treated with the Lonomia antivenom. The data were captured by the ROTEM software in the time interval of 40–60 min. n = 6 rats/ group. Significant differences are indicated as follows (p<0.05): (*) = different from the non-envenomed control group and different from the respective group treated with the antivenom; (#) = different from the respective group treated with the antivenom, but not different from the non-envenomed control group; (§) = different from other groups; and (n.c.) = no clot.