P450 gene duplication and divergence led to the evolution of dual novel functions and insecticide cross-resistance in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens
Fig 1
Relative expression of CYP6ER1 variants in ethiprole selected (NLF2-eth and NLF7-eth) and unselected N. lugens field strains (NLF2 and NLF7) and a reference susceptible strain (NLS), as determined by variant-specific quantitative PCR.
Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (n = 4). Lines above bars are used to denote significant (n.s., non significant at p = < 0.05, ***, significant at p = < 0.001) differences in variant expression between selected and unselected strains as assessed by one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD.