Axial fatigue property at room temperature was investigated for 15 types of current carbon steels, low alloy steels and some stainless steels designated in the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) and widely employed for machine structural use. 55 representative heats in total were selected from materials examined in the Fatigue Data Sheet at the National Research Institute for Metals. Cyclic softening or hardening behaviour, cyclic stress-strain relationship, Coffin-Manson relations, the deviation from the relation at higher number of cycles region, and correlations between low cycle properties and the high cycle properties in the Data Sheets were discussed.