The significance of the research lies in the fact that atmospheric air is one of the vital components of the natural environment, and a high level of atmospheric pollution can cause toxic effects on human health. Therefore, an important and necessary task is to assess the negative impact of atmospheric air pollution on human health using certain methodological approaches. The aforementioned impact can manifest itself through carcinogenic and immunotoxic, that is, chronic effects. The possibility of solving the task is provided by the "Methodology for assessing the risks of toxic effects on human health from atmospheric air pollution", which is based on the use of a linear-exponential thresholdless model. The research aimed to assess the risks of toxic effects from atmospheric air pollution in the cities of southern Ukraine for the population. The specified methodical approach allows for establishing the level of safety of city dwellers under the conditions of polluted atmospheric air. According to the results of the assessment of the carcinogenic risk of chronic intoxication of the population of four cities in the south of Ukraine in 2015-2020, it was established that the highest level of total risk from atmospheric air pollution was observed in the city of Odesa. The total risk index at maximum exposure for the city of Zaporizhia is lower compared to Odesa. In 2019-2020, a slight increase in the risk of intoxication of the population of the city of Zaporizhia was noted. The level of total risk of chronic intoxication of the population in the city of Kherson according to average indicators is lower than in the city of Zaporizhia. The level of danger for the population in the city of Mykolaiv is the lowest; there was a clear trend of reducing the risk of intoxication during the study period. The safest conditions for the population are in the city of Mykolaiv.