Four new hydrolyzable tannins, laevigatins A-D, were isolated from Rosa laevigata, a Chinese medicinal plant.Among them, laevigatin B, laevigatin C and laevigatin D, were dimeric ellagitannins closely related to agrimoniin, which has a dehydrodigalloyl group in the molecule. Nine known tannins, including agrimoniin and agrimonic acids A and B, were also isolated. Structures of new tannins were assigned on the basis of proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, and chemical conversion of agrimonic acid A to laevigatin A, and of agrimoniin to laevigatins B and C.