The stem bark of Xanthoxylum piperitum DC. was phytochemically examined and five new lignans, viz., xanthoxylol (3), piperitol (5), their γ, γ-dimethylallyl ethers (6, 7) and sanshodiol (8) were isolated besides l-asarinin (1) and l-sesamin (2) and their structures were determined. Phytosterol, γ-fagarine, skimmianine, syringaldehyde, piperonylic acid, menisperine, laurifoline and magnoflorine were also isolated from the same source.