水下超表面角反射体声散射调控机理研究

doi:10.12382/bgxb.2022.0566

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

角反射体是雷达目标和声纳目标常用的诱骗手段。为拓宽常规凹面角散射声场的调控效果,提出在水下角反射体中镶嵌声学超表面的调控方法和计算方法。基于板块元方法和射线追踪算法建立带声学超表面构型的角反射体声散射预报模型,利用射线追踪判别声线位置,考虑对应相位跳变加以修正,并通过有限元仿真进行验证。基于建立的声散射预报模型,研究槽阵列梯度和周期结构对散射声场的调控效果。研究结果表明:带有梯度变化的声学超表面结构能够明显改变水下目标的声散射特征,正、负梯度组合槽阵列结构对于声散射主方向的调控效果较为明显;多周期组合槽阵列梯度结构相较于单周期结构散射声场调控效果更为明显。

关键词: 超表面, 角反射体, 声散射, 声场调控, 射线追踪

Abstract:

Corner reflector is a common deception method for radar and sonar targets. To enhance the regulation effect of the scattering sound field of conventional concave angles, the regulation method and calculation method of inlaid acoustic metasurfaces in the underwater corner reflector are proposed. Based on the plate element method and the ray tracing algorithm, the acoustic scattering prediction model of the corner reflector with acoustic metasurface configuration is established. Ray tracing is used to determine the position of the sound ray, and the corresponding phase jump is corrected, which is verified by finite element simulation. Based on the established acoustic scattering prediction model, the regulation effect of the gradient and periodic structure of the groove array on the scattering sound field is studied. It is found that: the acoustic metasurface structure with gradient change can significantly change the acoustic scattering characteristics of underwater targets;the combined positive and negative gradient groove array structure has obvious effect on the main direction of acoustic scattering;the gradient structure of multi-period combined groove array is more effective than the single-period structure in scattering sound field regulation.

Key words: metasurface, corner reflector, acoustic scattering, sound field regulation, ray tracing

中图分类号:

TB566

刘妍, 彭子龙, 杜佳曼, 孔慧敏, 范军. 水下超表面角反射体声散射调控机理研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2023, 44(10): 3146-3155.

LIU Yan, PENG Zilong, DU Jiaman, KONG Huimin, FAN Jun. Acoustic Scattering Regulation Mechanism of Underwater Metasurface Corner Reflector[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2023, 44(10): 3146-3155.

图/表 12

图1 一维超表面散射声场计算模型示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of one-dimensional metasurface scattering sound field computation model

图2 Kirchhoff近似理论推导示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of Kirchhoff approximation theory derivation

图3 分立板块二次散射示意图

Fig.3 Diagram of secondary scattering between discrete plates

图4 超表面二面角声波一次反射示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the primary reflection of acoustic waves at the dihedral corner of the acoustic metasurface

图5 超表面二面角声波二次反射示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of the secondary reflection of sound wave at the dihedral corner of acoustic metasurface

图6 二次散射中虚源位置的确定

Fig.6 Determination of virtual source position in secondary scattering

图7 超表面中凹槽的二次散射示意图

Fig.7 Diagram of secondary scattering of groove in acoustic metasurface

图8 声学超表面二面角设计示意图

Fig.8 Schematic of acoustic metasurface dihedral corner design

图9 超表面二面角散射声场计算结果

Fig.9 Computational results of dihedral angle scattering sound field on acoustic metasurface

图10 不同槽阵列梯度大小模型及目标强度计算结果

Fig.10 Groove array model with different gradients and computational results of target strength

图11 不同槽阵列梯度组合模型及其目标强度计算结果

Fig.11 Groove array model with combined gradients and computational results of target strength

图12 二周期不同槽阵列梯度组合模型及其目标强度计算结果

Fig.12 Groove array model of two-period combined gradients and computational results of target strength

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