南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 189-196.doi: 10.12302/j.issn.1000-2006.202112004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黑龙江省国家级森林公园空间分布特征研究

吴妍1(), 李若楠1, 赵志强2,*()   

  1. 1.东北林业大学园林学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040
    2.哈尔滨市城乡规划设计研究院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150010
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-02 修回日期:2023-03-12 出版日期:2023-09-30 发布日期:2023-10-10
  • 通讯作者: *赵志强(abc551@126.com),正高级高级工程师。
  • 作者简介:吴妍(wuyan@nefu.edu.cn),副教授,博士。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572019BK02)

A study on spatial distribution characteristics of national forest parks in Heilongjiang Province

WU Yan1(), LI Ruonan1, ZHAO Zhiqiang2,*()   

  1. 1. College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
    2. Harbin Urban and Rural Planning and Design Institute, Harbin 150010, China
  • Received:2021-12-02 Revised:2023-03-12 Online:2023-09-30 Published:2023-10-10

摘要:

【目的】 分析黑龙江省国家级森林公园的空间分布特征,为其空间布局优化和资源合理利用提供一定的科学依据和理论参考。【方法】 以黑龙江省为研究区域,借助ArcGIS 10.7,并通过最邻近距离指数、Voronoi多边形变异系数、基尼系数、核密度估计、规模度指数等方法对黑龙江省国家级森林公园的空间分布类型、均衡性、密度和规模进行分析。【结果】 黑龙江省国家级森林公园的空间分布类型为典型的凝聚型,且在13个地级市(地区)内的分布差距悬殊,集中化程度较高,发展极其不平衡;空间分布密度总体表现为“局部集聚,其他分散”的不均匀的空间分布特征,形成了以伊春市中部、哈尔滨市西部、哈尔滨市东南部以及牡丹江市西北部为集聚点的3个主要集聚区,呈现出“三核集聚”的现象;除具备国家级森林公园发展和建设优势的哈尔滨市、伊春市、牡丹江市外,七台河市和鹤岗市的国家级森林公园规模度指数也相对较高,具备一定的国家级森林公园发展潜力。【结论】 未来黑龙江省国家级森林公园的发展重在优化空间结构,合理配置资源,需要全面统筹,促进集群效应产生;以哈尔滨、伊春两市为“核”,带动周边国家级森林公园发展潜力相对弱的地级市,形成黑龙江省“多心”围绕“一核”,“一核”联带“多心”的国家级森林公园发展格局;通过建设“森林旅游网红打卡点”,打造特色城市森林旅游招牌,实现优势地区和劣势地区二者互促互利,进而拉动全域协同发展。

关键词: 国家级森林公园, 空间分布, 森林旅游, 黑龙江省

Abstract:

【Objective】This reseach aims to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of national forest parks in Heilongjiang Province, and provide a scientific basis and theoretical reference for optimizing their spatial layout and rational utilization of resources. 【Method】The research area selected was Heilongjiang Province. The analysis of the spatial distribution type, equilibrium, density and scale of Heilongjiang National Forest Park was conducted using methods such as the nearest neighbor proximity index, Voronoi polygon coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation and scale index. The software used for the analysis was ArcGIS 10.7. 【Result】The spatial distribution type of national forest parks in Heilongjiang Province is characterized by a typical agglomeration type, with a significant distribution gap among the 13 prefecture-level cities (regions). The parks are highly concentrated and their development is extremely uneven. The overall spatial distribution density exhibits an uneven characteristic of “local agglomeration, other dispersion”. Three main gathering areas have formed, centered around Yichun City the western part of Harbin City, the southeast part of Harbin City and the northwest part of Mudanjiang City. This phenomenon can be described as a “three core agglomeration”. Apart from Harbin City, Yichun City and Mudanjiang City, which have advantages in the development and construction of national forest parks, Qitaihe City and Hegang City also show a relatively high scale index of national forest parks, indicating their potential for development in this area. 【Conclusion】The future development of national forest parks in Heilongjiang Province will focus on optimizing spatial structure, allocating resources reasonably, and requiring comprehensive coordination to promote cluster effects; taking Harbin and Yichun as the “core” cities, we will drive the relatively weak development potential of surrounding national forest parks in prefecture-level cities, forming a “multi-center” national forest park development pattern in Heilongjiang Province centered around “one core” and “one core” connecting with “multi centers”; by establishing a “forest tourism hotspot for social media influencers” and designing a distinctive urban forest tourism signage, our objective is to foster symbiotic relationships between prosperous and underprivileged areas, while simultaneously facilitating a harmonized development throughout the entire region.

Key words: national forest park, spatial distribution, forest tourism, Heilongjiang Province

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