老年糖尿病患者肺炎球菌多糖疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2021.0025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探析老年糖尿病患者肺炎球菌多糖疫苗接种意愿及影响因素。方法以2019年4月至2020年4月上海市某医院健康服务中心定期体检的老年糖尿病患者为调查对象。设计《PPV23肺炎疫苗接种意愿调查表》,调查老年患者基本情况及PPV23肺炎疫苗接种意愿,采用多因素Logistic回归分析老年患者PPV23肺炎疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果本研究共调查1 240例老年患者,平均年龄（68.35±5.13）岁,其中546例（占44.03%）愿意接种PPV23肺炎疫苗。多因素分析结果显示年龄越小（OR=4.346）、家人最高学历越高（OR_{高中或中专}=2.269,OR_{大专及以上}= 2.173）、有慢性呼吸道疾病史（OR=2.548）、认为肺炎为严重疾病（OR=1.756）、担心自身患肺炎疾病（OR=1.861）、知晓PPV23肺炎疫苗接种可预防肺炎（OR=2.085）、家人患有慢性呼吸道疾病（OR=4.166）、家人或朋友推荐接种PPV23肺炎疫苗（OR=3.572）、医生建议接种PPV23肺炎疫苗（OR=2.604）的老年糖尿病患者愿意接种PPV23肺炎疫苗的可能性越大。结论老年糖尿病患者PPV23肺炎疫苗接种意愿较低,年龄、慢性呼吸道疾病史、肺炎及疫苗相关知识与医生建议是影响其接种意愿的相关因素。建议加强肺炎疫苗预防效果、安全性的宣传教育,提高老年糖尿病患者对PPV23肺炎疫苗的认知度。

关键词: 老年糖尿病患者, 肺炎球菌多糖疫苗, 肺炎链球菌, 接种意愿, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the vaccination will and its influencing factors of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly diabetic patients. Methods The elderly patients with diabetes who received regular physical examination in a health service center of a hospital in Shanghai from April 2019 to April 2020 were investigated. The “PPV23 pneumonia vaccination willingness questionnaire” was designed to investigate the basic conditions of elderly patients and the PPV23 pneumonia vaccination willingness, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the PPV23 pneumonia vaccination willingness of the elderly patient group. Results A total of 1 240 elderly patients were investigated, with an average age of （68.35±5.13） years, of which 546 （44.03%） were willing to receive PPV23 pneumonia vaccine. Multivariate analysis showed that the younger the age （OR=4.346）, the higher the family's highest education （high school or technical secondary school, OR=2.269; junior college and above, OR=2.173）, a history of chronic respiratory disease （OR=2.548）, the belief that pneumonia was severe disease （OR=1.756）, worried about owning pneumonia disease （OR=1.861）, knowing that PPV23 pneumonia vaccination could prevent pneumonia （OR=2.085）, family members suffered chronic respiratory disease （OR=4.166）, family members or friends recommended vaccination PPV23 pneumonia vaccine （OR=3.572）, doctors recommended vaccination PPV23 pneumonia vaccine（OR=2.604）, the more likely the elderly diabetic patients to be vaccinated with PPV23 pneumonia vaccine. Conclusion Elderly diabetic patients have low willingness to vaccinate PPV23 pneumonia vaccine. Ages, history of chronic respiratory diseases, knowledge of pneumonia and vaccines, and doctor's advice are related factors affect their willingness to vaccinate. It is recommended to strengthen the publicity and education on the preventive effect and safety of pneumonia vaccine to improve the awareness of PPV23 pneumonia vaccine in elderly diabetic patients.

Key words: Elderly diabetic patient, Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Vaccination will, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R186

曹雅平, 鲍克娜, 余艳芳. 老年糖尿病患者肺炎球菌多糖疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2021, 47(1): 25-29.

CAO Ya-ping, BAO Ke-na, YU Yan-fang. Vaccination will and its influencing factors of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in elderly diabetic patients[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 47(1): 25-29.

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