菠菜对柴油污染土壤中多环芳烃富集特征及健康风险评估

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.12.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用盆栽实验方法在不同程度多环芳烃（PAHs）污染土壤中种植菠菜（Spinacia oleracea），检测土壤和菠菜中16种PAHs含量及组成，分析了菠菜各部位中PAHs富集系数，并对不同年龄人群摄食菠菜的健康风险进行评估。结果表明，菠菜地上部和地下部中PAHs含量分别为72.8~516.9和153.4~1 101.6 ng·g^-1，种植土壤与菠菜各部位中PAHs含量呈极显著正相关。菠菜各部位中3环和4环化合物质量分数较高，菠菜地上部中致癌PAHs占比在5.4%~30.6%范围内。菠菜地下部中PAHs富集系数高于地上部（P<0.05）。儿童、成人和老年人食用柴油来源的PAHs污染土壤种植菠菜均存在终生致癌风险；成人和老年人食用PAHs重度污染土壤种植菠菜存在终生致癌风险；除成人外，其他人群食用PAHs轻度和中度污染土壤种植的菠菜不存在终生致癌风险。不同年龄人群食用柴油来源的PAHs污染土壤种植的菠菜，产生的终生致癌风险值高于其他土壤。

关键词: 多环芳烃, 植物吸收, 富集, 菠菜, 风险评估

Abstract:

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was planted in contaminated soil with different level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through pot experiment. The content and composition of 16 PAHs in soils and spinach were detected, the transfer factors of PAHs in each part of spinach were analyzed, and the health risks of PAHs in spinach for people with different age were assessed. The results show that the content of PAHs in aboveground and underground part of spinach was 72.8-516.9 and 153.4-1 101.6 ng·g^-1, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the content of PAHs in soil and that in spinach. The mass fractions of 3 rings and 4 rings PAHs in each part of spinach were high, and the mass fractions of carcinogenic compounds in the aboveground part of spinach was in the range of 5.4%-30.6%. The transfer factor of PAHs in underground part of spinach was higher than that in the aboveground (P<0.05). Children, adults and the elderly have a lifetime cancer risk if they ingest spinach grown in diesel contaminated soil, and adults and the elderly have a lifetime cancer risk if they ingest spinach grown in heavily contaminated soil. In addition to adults, other people do not have lifetime cancer risk through ingestion of spinach grown in mildly and moderately PAHs contaminated soil. The lifetime cancer risk is higher in spinach grown in diesel contaminated soil than in other soils.

Key words: PAHs, plant uptake, accumulation, spinach, risk assessment

中图分类号:

X825

程琪琪, 郭瑾, 柴超, 葛蔚. 菠菜对柴油污染土壤中多环芳烃富集特征及健康风险评估[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(12): 1145-1152.

CHENG Qi-qi, GUO Jin, CHAI Chao, GE Wei. Accumulation Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Spinach Grown in Diesel Contaminated Soil[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(12): 1145-1152.

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