湘西地质公园红色碳酸盐岩石林发育特征与研究价值

吴亮君; 陈伟海; 容悦冰; 张晶; 黄超; 朱海燕; 孟庆鑫; 吴继文; 罗劬侃; 白冰; 欧梦梦

doi:10.11932/karst20200215

湘西地质公园红色碳酸盐岩石林发育特征与研究价值

doi: 10.11932/karst20200215

1.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室，广西桂林 541004
2.
湖南省地质矿产勘查开发局四一六队，湖南株洲 412007
3.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室，广西桂林 541004/西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，甘肃兰州 730070/中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心广西总队，广西桂林 541002

基金项目: 中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费资助（2020015）；国家重点研发计划（2019YFC0507500)；中国地质调查项目（DD20190022，DD20190672)；湖南湘西世界地质公园申报项目

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出版历程
- 发布日期: 2020-04-25

Development characteristics and research value of red carbonate stone forest in the Xiangxi geopark

1.
Institute of Karst Geology CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR. Guilin, Guangxi 541004,China
2.
416 Geological Team, Geological and Mineral Exploitation and Development Bureauof Hunan Province, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007,China
3.
Institute of Karst Geology CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR. Guilin, Guangxi 541004,China/College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070,China/Guangxi Branch of China National Geological Explration Center of Bulding Materials Industry， Guilin, Guangxi 541002,China

摘要

摘要: 红色碳酸盐岩石林是湘西地质公园最重要的地质遗迹之一。公园内的红色碳酸盐岩石林发育于奥陶系大湾组与牯牛潭组，集中分布于酉水－猛洞河两岸斜坡与峡谷地带，出露面积84 km2，是当前全球已知的面积最大的奥陶系红色碳酸盐岩石林地貌景观。红石林形态多样、成景效果好，发育了包括塔状、火焰状、墙状、剑状、柱状、锥状等十余种形态。红石林的形成经历了完整的地层沉积-构造抬升-风化剥蚀等阶段，适宜的古地理环境、有利的构造抬升运动和节理裂隙发育、温暖多雨的气候和丰富的地表地下水系是红石林发育的重要条件。因受成景地层的岩性组成复杂、地层偏薄、溶蚀作用差异等因素影响，红石林具有明显的垂直溶痕和水平溶痕叠加现象，具有独特的自然美，形态上与云南石林有较大不同，颜色上，红石林晴红雨黑、四季变幻，可能是石柱表面的藻类造成。除中国西南地区，其他国家或地区的奥陶系红色碳酸盐岩石林分布十分有限，仅泰国沙墩有报道，其稀有性非常突出，具有重要的科学意义和研究价值。但正由于其稀少，许多针对性的研究仍刚起步，值得未来各界学者进一步深入探讨。
- 湘西地区 /
- 地质公园 /
- 碳酸盐岩 /
- 红石林 /
- 发育特征 /
- 地质遗迹 /
- 价值
Abstract: The red carbonate stone forest is one of the most important geologic relics in the Xiangxi geopark. This forest formed in Ordovician Dawan Formation and Guniutan Formation, concentrated in the canyon-slope area along the Youshui-Mengdong river. Its exposed area is about 84 km2, and can be regarded as the largest known Ordovician red carbonate stone forest landscape in the world. The red stone forest has various forms and good landscapes, including astower, flame, wall, sword, column, and andcone. In geological genesis, similar to the other karst stone forests, the formation of the red stone experienced stages of stratigraphic sedimentation, tectonic uplift and weathering erosion. The suitable palaeogeographic environment, fissure morphology, tectonic uplift, warm climate and abundant surface and underground water systems are the major conditions for the development of the red stone forest. However, due to some special factors, such as complex lithological composition, thin strata and different dissolution, the red stone forest has obvious superposition shape of vertical and horizontal dissolution marks, with unique natural beauty,which is quite different from some other well-known stone forests, for example the Yunnan stone forest and Xingwen stone forest. This phenomenon might be attributed to a unique process of formation. In colour, the red stone forest shows amazing changes in different kinds of weather and different times of the year,which may be caused by algae on the surface of the pillars. Besides the southwest of China, the distribution of Ordovician red carbonate stone forests is very limited, only reported of Satun of Thailand with prominent rarity. Just due to the scarcity, many targeted studies remain in infancy, which is worthy of further in-depth research by scholars of various disciplines.
- Xiangxi /
- geopark /
- carbonate rocks /
- red stone forest /
- development characteristics /
- geological relics /
- value

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