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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (17): 55-63.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0441

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

1978—2019年云南省气候生产潜力的时空演变及粮食产量响应

李涛辉1(), 张文翔1(), 吕爱锋2, 刘永毫1   

  1. 1云南师范大学地理学部,云南省高原地理过程与环境变化重点实验室,昆明 650500
    2中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-27 修回日期:2022-08-16 出版日期:2023-06-15 发布日期:2023-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 张文翔,男,1979年出生,安徽合肥人,教授,博士,主要从事环境变化与地球化学方面的研究。通信地址:650500 云南省昆明市呈贡区云南师范大学,E-mail:wenxiangzhang@ynnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:

    李涛辉,男,1998年出生,广东梅州人,硕士研究生,主要从事气候变化与光热资源方面的研究。通信地址:650500 云南省昆明市呈贡区云南师范大学,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题“大范围大深度土壤水分连续精准监测研究”(2021YFC3000201)

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Climatic Potential Productivity and Response Characteristics of Grain Yield in Yunnan Province from 1978 to 2019

LI Taohui1(), ZHANG Wenxiang1(), LV Aifeng2, LIU Yonghao1   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environment Change of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500
    2Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
  • Received:2022-05-27 Revised:2022-08-16 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2023-06-12

摘要:

云南省是中国典型的“雨养农业”地区,在全球变暖背景下探讨云南省气候生产潜力时空演变及粮食产量响应,对于“雨养农业”地区的农业发展有重要意义。基于Miami和Thornthwaite Memorial模型,利用云南省1978—2019年气象站点数据,通过气候倾向率、M-K检验和反距离权重插值等方法研究云南省气候生产潜力时空演变及粮食产量响应。结果表明:在时间系列上,1978—2019年云南省气温、降水的多年平均均值分别为16.3℃、1098.1 mm,气温呈现显著上升趋势,降水呈现不显著下降趋势;ytyrye的年均值分别为1953、1550、1477 kg/(hm2·a),其中ytye呈现波动上升趋势,yr呈现波动下降趋势。在空间分布上,气温、降水的分布趋势与ytyr相似,均呈现出由滇西南往滇西北递减的趋势,且yeyt的空间分布近似程度高于yr,其空间范围分别为843~1861、1065~2470、980~2287 kg/(hm2·a)。气候资源利用率整体呈现显著上升趋势,从1978—1987年的16.94%提升到2018—2019年的31.71%,平均每10 a以3.66%的速度增长。在全球变化背景下,云南省呈现暖干的趋势,气候资源利用率显著提高,其中降水是制约气候生产潜力的主因。

关键词: 云南省, Miami模型, Thornthwaite Memorial模型, 气候生产潜力, 气候资源利用率, 时空演变

Abstract:

Yunnan Province is a typical area of rain-fed agriculture in China. In the context of global warming, it is of great significance to explore the temporal and spatial evolution of climate potential productivity and the response of grain yield in Yunnan Province, which is important to the agricultural development in rain-fed agriculture regions. Based on the Miami and Thornthwaite Memorial model, this paper used the meteorological data from 1978 to 2019 to study the temporal and spatial evolution of climatic potential productivity and the response of grain yield in Yunnan Province by using climate tendency rate, M-K test and inverse distance weight interpolation. The results showed that in the time series, the average temperature of Yunnan Province from 1978 to 2019 was 16.3°C, which showed a significant upward trend; the multi-year average of precipitation in Yunnan Province from 1978 to 2019 was 1098.1 mm, which showed a insignificant downtrend. The annual mean value of yt, yr and ye was 1953, 1550 and 1477 kg/(hm2·a), respectively, of which yt and ye showed fluctuating upward trend, and yr showed a fluctuating downward trend. In terms of spatial distribution, the distribution trend of temperature and precipitation were similar to those of yt and yr, both showing a decreasing trend from southwest Yunnan to northwest Yunnan, and the spatial distribution of ye was more similar to that of yt than yr, with the spatial range of 843-1861, 1065-2470 and 980-2287 kg/(hm2·a), respectively. The overall utilization rate of climate resources showed a significant upward trend, increasing from 16.94% in 1978—1987 to 31.71% in 2018—2019, with an average growth rate of 3.66% of per decade. In the context of global climate changes, Yunnan Province showed a warm and dry trend with a significant increase in climate resource utilization, where precipitation was the main factor limiting climate potential productivity.

Key words: Yunnan Province, Miami model, Thornthwaite Memorial model, climatic potential productivity, climate resource utilization, temporal and spatial evolution