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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (22): 1-7.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0832

所属专题: 生物技术 油料作物 园艺

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

采摘次数对油蔬两用甘蓝型油菜菜薹和菜籽品质及产量的影响

郑本川1,2(), 李浩杰1,2, 张锦芳1,2, 崔成1,2, 蒋俊1,2, 柴靓1,2, 何平1,2, 朱丽娟1,2, 黄友涛3, 周正鉴3, 蒋梁材1,2()   

  1. 1四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都 610066
    2粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,成都 610066
    3四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,成都610066
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-31 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-08-05 发布日期:2022-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 蒋梁材
  • 作者简介:郑本川,男,1987年出生,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为油菜育种/栽培。通信地址:610066 四川省成都市锦江区狮子山路4号 四川省农业科学院作物研究所,Tel:028-84504350,E-mail: zhengbenchuan1987@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“油菜抗病育种材料创新”(CARS-12);四川省“十四五”油料育种攻关“突破性油料育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0018);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川创新团队项目“多功能油菜材料创制及应用”(sccxtd-2021-03);宜机收油菜种质创新及新品种培育”(2021XKJS003)

Effects of Picking Times on the Quality and Yield of Young Stem and Rapeseed of Oilseed-vegetable Dual-purpose Brassica napus Varieties

ZHENG Benchuan1,2(), LI Haojie1,2, ZHANG Jinfang1,2, CUI Cheng1,2, JIANG Jun1,2, CHAI Liang1,2, HE Ping1,2, ZHU Lijuan1,2, HUANG Youtao3, ZHOU Zhengjian3, JIANG Liangcai1,2()   

  1. 1Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066
    3Institute of Agroproducts Processing Science and Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
  • Received:2021-08-31 Revised:2022-04-12 Online:2022-08-05 Published:2022-08-22
  • Contact: JIANG Liangcai

摘要:

为筛选出适合四川省成都平原区种植且综合生产效益高的油蔬两用甘蓝型油菜品种,并研发相应的高产栽培技术,选用‘菜薹-1'(CT-1)、‘菜薹-2'(CT-2)、‘菘蓝油菜1号'(SLYC-1)和‘菘蓝油菜2号'(SLYC-2)4个甘蓝型油蔬两用油菜品种为材料,以‘蓉油18'(RY-18)为对照,研究品种和采摘次数对油菜薹和油菜籽产量、品质及综合生产效益的影响。结果表明,与摘薹1次相比,摘薹2次显著降低了菜薹外观品质、纤维素和木质素含量,但显著增加了可溶性糖含量。与不摘薹相比,摘薹显著降低了株高。与不摘薹相比,摘薹1次显著增加了单株有效角果数和菜籽产量,而摘薹2次则显著降低。摘薹对油蔬两用油菜籽品质影响不显著。SLYC-2菜薹产量、可溶性糖含量和综合生产效益显著高于其他品种。在本试验条件下SLYC-2的菜薹品质和综合生产效益最高,适合在四川省平原区种植。摘薹1次是保证油蔬两用油菜籽产量和综合生产效益的最佳栽培方式。

关键词: 采摘次数, 油蔬两用甘蓝型油菜, 菜薹, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

This study aims to screen out oilseed-vegetable dual-purpose Brassica napus varieties, which are of highly comprehensive production efficiency and suitable for cultivation in the Chengdu Plain of Sichuan Province. To develop the corresponding high-yield cultivation techniques, four B. napus varieties, i.e., ‘Caitai-1' (CT-1), ‘Caitai-2' (CT-2), ‘Songlanyoucai-1' (SLYC-1), and ‘Songlanyoucai-2' (SLYC-2) were compared with ‘Rongyou-18' (RY-18). The effects of varieties and picking times on the yield and quality of young stem and rapeseed, and comprehensive economic benefits were evaluated. Results showed that the appearance quality, and the contents of cellulose and lignin of the young stem were significantly decreased in the picking twice treatment compared with those in the picking once treatment, while the soluble sugar content was considerably increased. The plant height was notably decreased in the picking treatments compared with none picking treatment. The number of effective siliqua per plant and the yield of rapeseed were considerably increased in the picking once treatment compared with those in none picking treatment, while significantly decreased in the picking twice treatment. The influence of picking times on the seed quality of oil-vegetable dual-purpose rapeseed was not significant. The young stem yield, soluble sugar content and comprehensive economic benefit of SLYC-2 were notably higher than those of other varieties. In conclusion, SLYC-2 has the highest young stem quality and comprehensive economic benefit, which is suitable to be cultivated in the Chengdu Plain of Sichuan Province. The picking once treatment is the best cultivation method to ensure the yield and comprehensive production benefit of oilseed-vegetable dual-purpose rapeseed.

Key words: picking times, oilseed-vegetable dual-purpose Brassica napus, young stem, quality, yield

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