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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (30): 162-168.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030239

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蔗苗期对低温的响应及其耐寒性评价

王振波1,陈疏影1,李智勇1,2,李富生1   

  1. (1云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明 650201；2勐海县勐遮镇农业综合服务中心,云南勐海 666200）
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-28 修回日期:2015-05-23 接受日期:2015-06-12 出版日期:2015-10-29 发布日期:2015-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 李富生
  • 基金资助:
    云南省现代农业甘蔗产业技术体系建设专项“云南甘蔗主栽品种抗逆性鉴定研究” （云财教[2014]105号）；云南省重点新产品开发计划项目（农业部分）“高产高糖强宿根甘蔗新品种选育及产业化开发”(2012BB014)；云南农业大学高原山地作物可持续生产系统研究省创新团队项目“高原山地特色作物种质创新及利用”（云科人发[2012]18号）。

Response to Low Temperature Stress and Evaluation for Its Cold Resistance at Sugarcane Seedling Stage

Wang Zhenbo1, Chen Shuying1, Li Zhiyong1,2, Li Fusheng1   

  1. (1College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201;2Comprehensive Agricultural Service Center of Mengzhe Town in Menghai County, Menghai Yunnan 666200)
  • Received:2015-03-28 Revised:2015-05-23 Accepted:2015-06-12 Online:2015-10-29 Published:2015-10-29

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摘要： 通过综合评价品种（系）的耐寒性，筛选出耐寒性较好的品种。以云南农业大学自育的9个农艺性状优异的甘蔗品系为研究对象，在甘蔗苗期进行低温处理，通过抗逆生理生化指标的变化，采用极点排序法对各品种（系）进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）低温(3℃)处理使甘蔗叶片的细胞膜电导率、可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性分别平均增加了21.21%、134.1%、83.60%、35.47%、47.72%、9.07%、565.2%；（2）低温(3℃)处理使甘蔗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性平均下降19.67%。最终筛选出耐寒性最好的甘蔗品种‘滇蔗03-91’，耐寒性最差的甘蔗品种‘滇蔗02-39’，而‘滇蔗08-5’、‘滇蔗05-103’、‘滇蔗01-58’等品种（系）耐寒性强于‘滇蔗04-14’、‘滇蔗04-429’、‘滇蔗05-522’、‘滇蔗02-227’品种（系）。

关键词: 非饱和灌溉, 非饱和灌溉, 减量施肥, 香蕉, 产量, 经济效益

Abstract: The study aims to screen out good cold-resistance varieties through a comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance. 9 sugarcane varieties, which had excellent agronomic traits and were bred by Yunnan Agricultural University, were taken as the test materials, low temperature stress processing was conducted at sugarcane seedling stage, the change of physiological and biochemical indexes were observed, and the comprehensive evaluation of the varieties (or lines) was carried out with pole sorting method. Results showed that: (1) low temperature (3℃) processing increased the conductivity of the sugarcane leaf cell membrane, soluble sugar content, MDA content, proline content, soluble protein content, chlorophyll content, peroxidase (POD) activity by an average of 21.21%, 134.1%, 83.60%, 35.47%, 47.72%, 9.07%, 565.2%, respectively; (2) low temperature (3℃) processing reduced sugarcane leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 19.67% on average. Therefore, the screening results indicating that the best cold resistance sugar cane variety was ‘Yunnan sugarcane 03-91’, the worst cold resistance sugarcane variety was ‘Yunnan sugarcane 02-39’, while varieties (or lines) ‘Yunnan sugarcane 08-5’, ‘Yunnan sugarcane 05-103’, ‘Yunnan sugarcane 01-58’ had stronger cold resistance than ‘Yunnan sugarcane 04-14’, ‘Yunnan sugarcane 04-429’, ‘Yunnan sugarcane 05-522’ and ‘Yunnan sugarcane 02-227’ .