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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (31): 56-61.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-2462

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

控释肥对甘蓝产量、经济收益及土壤无机氮的影响

曹兵,倪小会,衣文平,肖强,李丽霞   

  1. 北京市农林科学院营资所,北京市农林科学院营资所,北京市农林科学院,北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京市农林科学院营资所
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-11 修回日期:2015-10-16 接受日期:2015-08-11 出版日期:2015-11-16 发布日期:2015-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 曹兵
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划“S 型缓控释肥技术的提升与应用”(2011BAD11B01)；北京市科委项目“控释肥料新产品产业化开发”(Z131100003313004)；农业科技成果转化资金项目“智能控促一体型控释肥中试与应用示范”(2012GB2A0006)。

Impact of Controlled Release Fertilizers on Yield, Economic Returns and Soil Nmin of Cabbage

曹兵,,, and   

  • Received:2014-09-11 Revised:2015-10-16 Accepted:2015-08-11 Online:2015-11-16 Published:2015-11-16

摘要： 为研究控释肥高效施肥方法，采用田间对比示范研究控释肥与速效性化肥掺混（控释肥处理）对甘蓝产量、土壤无机氮和施肥经济效益的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥底施加2 次追肥相比，控释肥处理在减氮20%且采用一次性施肥的情况下，甘蓝产量略有增加（增产6.1%），氮肥利用率提高了11.5 个百分点；甘蓝硝酸盐含量降低8.8%，控释肥处理在氮肥投入略高的情况下（75 元/hm2），净收益比常规施肥增加了2802 元/hm2。相比常规施肥，控释肥处理大幅降低了硝态氮在土壤深层（40 cm以下）的淋洗和累积。

关键词: 辽西地区, 辽西地区, 气候变暖, 深层地温, 冻土

Abstract: In order to study the reasonable application method of controlled release fertilizer, field demonstration experiment was conducted to study effects of controlled release fertilizers blended with soluble fertilizers on yield, quality and economic returns of cabbage. The results showed that, in comparison with conventional N fertilization with basal application and 2 topdressings, the cabbage yield with controlled release fertilizer with 20% N rate reduction and single basal application increased by 6.1% and the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) increased by 11.5 percentage point. Nitrate content of cabbage with controlled release fertilizer decreased by 8.8% compared with that under conventional fertilization. Net economic returns of cabbage with controlled release fertilizers increased by 2802 yuan/hm2 compared with that under conventional fertilization, though N input of the former was increased by 75 yuan/hm2. Nitrate leaching and accumulation under 40 cm soil layer with controlled release fertilizers was dramatically reduced compared with that under conventional fertilization.