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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (25): 303-307.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0824

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

龙葵等19种野生植物提取物的离体抑菌活性研究

姬妍茹   

  • 收稿日期:2014-03-25 修回日期:2014-06-05 出版日期:2014-09-05 发布日期:2014-09-05
  • 基金资助:
    大庆市指导性科技计划项目 “杀菌植物的筛选及其植物源复配杀菌剂的研究” (sdz-2011-45)。

Studies on 19 Plant Extracts Including Solanum nigrum for Antifungal Activity in Vitro

  • Received:2014-03-25 Revised:2014-06-05 Online:2014-09-05 Published:2014-09-05

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摘要： 研究大庆地区19种具有清热、解毒功能的野生植物对小麦赤霉病(Fusarium graminearum)等5种常见植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。制备参试植物乙醇提取液，采用生长速率法测定提取液对5种病原菌的抑菌活性。筛选出对至少1种供试病原真菌有65%以上抑菌效果的植物样品6种。龙葵全株提取物对所有病原真菌均有很好的抑制作用，对小麦赤霉病菌抑制率为78.31%，对玉米圆斑病菌抑制率为84.87%；野亚麻根提取物对3种病原真菌有较好的抑制作用，对玉米圆斑病菌抑制率为73.94%、水稻纹枯病菌抑菌率为72.7%。龙葵及野亚麻乙醇提取物对大部分参试植物病原真菌具有较高抑制活性；汉麻、苍耳、菊芋对5种参试病原菌均有不同程度的抑菌活性。

关键词: 光合生理特性, 光合生理特性

Abstract: 19 kinds of wild plants with the effect of clear heat and detoxification have been selected from Daqing district in the research, and the inhibiting effects of plant extractive on 5 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi have been tested, including Fusarium graminearum and so on. Growth rate method was used to determine antifungal activity of ethanol extraction of 19 kinds of wild plants on five kinds of fungi. The results showed that ethanol extraction of 6 kinds plants had more than 65% inhibiting rate on at least one of participation pathogenic fungi. The ethanol extraction of Solanum nigrum plant had inhibiting effects on all 5 kinds of fungi, the inhibition rate on Fusarium graminearum was 78.31%, and on Bipolaris carbonum Wilson was 84.87%. The ethanol extraction of Linum stelleroides Planch roots had inhibiting effects on 3 kinds of pathogenic fungi, the inhibition rate on Bipolaris carbonum Wilson was 73.94%, and on Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn was 72.7%. The ethanol extraction of Solanum nigrum and Linum stelleroides Planch had inhibitory activity on most of tested plant pathogenic fungi. The ethanol extraction of Cannabis sativa L., Hemp, Xanthium sibiricum Patr and Helianthus tuberosus had inhibitory activity on all tested plant pathogenic fungi.