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Definitions of depression: concordance and prediction of outcome

Published Online:https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.139.8.1022

Using patient samples in London hospitals, the authors compared three methods of diagnosing and subdividing depressive illness in terms of their ability to predict outcome. The Catego class D+ selected patients who continued to suffer from episodes of psychotic depression. The Research Diagnostic Criteria selected patients with schizoaffective depressions whose outcome a completely different from that of major depressive disorder. DSM-III had advantages over the other systems, since it divides depression into three subtypes that differ from each other and from schizophrenia. Patients with a DSM-III diagnosis of mood- incongruent psychotic depression had persistent schizophrenic psychopathology, but their outcome differed from that of both schizophrenic and manic-depressive patients.

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