| Peer-Reviewed

Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria

Received: 4 August 2014    Accepted: 21 August 2014    Published: 10 September 2014
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This research study was carried out on the survey on the awareness of Schistosomosis infections in Ngala Local Government Area, Borno, North Eastern Nigeria. The public awareness of the disease urinary or vesicle Schistosomosis (bilharzias) within the populace of the said communities has been determined. A total of 1000 respondents were involved, 572 (57%) males and 428 (43%) females, compound structured opened and closed ended questionnaires were administered randomly. The results obtained, revealed that, respondents under the age group of 9 to 18 years old are the highest in number while the least are 59 to 68 years old. Educational background; 44% acquired Arabic and the least is 16% craft skills, most of them are farmers 35%, 24% were said to be practicing traditional treatment for Schistosomosis when infected, 48% said the sign and symptoms is presence of blood in urine, and from all indication only 17% said that they are aware of the disease bilharzias and 83% of the respondents were not aware of the disease, neither it’s ways of contacting. There is no any relationship between the male and female respondents interviewed, when infected with the disease (bilharzias), they sort for traditional methods of treatment by using among common, are herbal concoctions and sour milk whey soaked with cornflakes as means of treatment. Only least numbers were patronizing clinics and hospitals for the proper treatment of the disease. Haemoparasitosis is endemic in tropical and sub tropical developing countries, including Nigeria; with Schistosomosis is seconded by Malaria are most common and very important childhood diseases and where sources of infection occur, especially, the Schistosom ahaematobium infection which is through contact with contaminated waters. The Government and or any authority concern should enlighten the populace of the communities on the awareness of the disease, Schistosomosi, its ways of infection, proper treatment and prevention. This is in order to control and eradicate the disease in this area.

Published in European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12
Page(s) 69-80
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Awareness, Communities, Herbal concoctions, Gambaru - Ngala, Public, Schistosomosis

References
[1] Akinboye, D. O., Ajisebutu, J. U., Fawole, O., Agbolade, O. M., Akinboye, O. M., Amosu, A. M., Atulomah, N. O. S., Awodele, O., Oduola, O.,Owodunni, B.M., Rebecca, S. N., Falade, M. Enem, O. “Urinary Schistosomiasis, Water Contact Frequency and Infectivity among Secondary School Students in Ibadan, Nigeria” Journal of Parasitology, 32 (1); 129 – 134. 2011.
[2] Amy, J and Behrman, M. D.“An article on Schistosomiasis,”E medicine Schistosomiasis, 2005. File:///E:/Abor/emedicine%2 0-%20Schistosomiasis%20%20article%.
[3] Bala, A.Y., Ladan, M.U, and Mainasara, M ‘Prevalence and Intensity of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Abarma Village, Gusau, Nigeria:’ A Preliminary Investigation. Science World Journal, Vol. 7 Number 2; 2012. WWW.Sciencejournal.org
[4] Betterton, C and Friger, S.E. “A report on a survey on Chad Basin Irrigation”.In: Epidemiological Report, Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health, Maiduguri, Borno. An unpublished report: 6 – 8.1981.
[5] Carter Center. “Schistosomiasis Control programme,” In: Health Programme, 2006. http://www.cartercenter.org./health/ schistosomiasis/index.html; 1–2.
[6] NPC, Censusde Facto. “Vital Statistic,” Department of Census and Survey, National Population Commission, P.M.B. 1068, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. 2006.
[7] Climatic Factors Report. “HydrologyDepartment,” Ministry for Urban and Rural Water Supply, P.M.B.1188, Maiduguri,Borno State, Nigeria. 12th June, 2007.
[8] Crewe, W. “The Family Schistosomatidae,”A Guide to HumanParasitology. For Medical Practitioners, H.K. Lewis and CoLtd, London, 10th Edition; 101–106.1977.
[9] Crop Production. “Extension Services Report,”Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Musa Usman Secretariats, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.1990.
[10] Despommier, D.D. and Karapelou, J.W. “FamilySchistosomatidae,” Parasites Life Cycle, Springer Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg, London, Paris, Tokyo, Revised Edition;76–77.1987.
[11] Ferly, John. “Schistosomiasis,”The Biology of Infectious Disease, (NSCI 102), Schistosomiasis, Cambridge World History of Human Disease, Cambridge University Press, 1993, In: Section viii, 124 of Kipple Kinneth F. edition; 992–997.1993.
[12] Frank, O. and Richard, Jr. “The Technical Director on Schistosomiasis Control,” Schistosomiasis, Humbio103/Parasites,2006. http://www.Stanford.edu/class/humbio103/parasites20 06/schistosomiasis/2.html;1–6.
[13] Gazette of Geographical Location. “Borno State Geographic al Gazette,” Department of Land, Ministry of Land and Survey, P.M.B. 1081, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. 2004.
[14] Gwana, M.A. “Bilharziasis,” Personal Communication, In: The prevalence of S. haematobium among Children Attending Primary School in Bama Local Government Area, Borno State, An unpublished Final Year Project; 29 – 32.1997.
[15] Kanwai,S.A., Ndams,I.S., Kogi, E.I., Abubakar, J.S.,Gyam, Z.G., and Bechemagbor, A. ‘Cofactors Influencing Prevalence and Intensity of Schistosoma haematobium Infection in Sedentary Fulani Settlement of Dumbi Dutse, Igabi Local Government rArea, Kaduna State, Nigeria” Science World Journal, 6 (2): 15 – 19. 2011.
[16] Kings, C.H. “Parasites and Poverty: The Case of Shistisomiasis.” Acta Tropica; 113: 95 – 60. 2010.
[17] Kings, C.H. and Adel, A.F. Mahmoud. “Schistosomiasis,” The biology of Infectious Disease, (NSCI 102 Leaf 27), Schistosomiasis, In: Chapter of Guerrant, Richard L.; David,H. Walker and Peter, F.Weller. Tropical Infectious Disease, Principles, Pathogens and Practice, Philadelphia, Churchill, Living Stone, 1031–1032. 1999.
[18] Martin, K. “Various Fresh Water Snails,” Subclass–Pulmonata, Family Planorbidae, In: FreshWater Mulluscan Snails. 2006..http://www.applessnail.Net/content. snails various.php.
[19] Nanvya, T.N., Dakul. D.A., and Mwansat, G.S.“Schistomiasi s in Ndinjor District of Langtang North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria.” Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 32 (2): 209 – 214. 2011.
[20] N.C.W.R.C. “North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission,” Guidance Memorandum to Address and Cumulative Impacts to Aquatic and Terrestrial Wildlife and Water Quality, In: Wildlife Species; 2006. http://www/ncwildlife.Prg/pg07-wildlifespeciescon/pg<3/impacts.pdf.
[21] Ogbe, M.G. “Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis). An Ancient Water Borne Disease That Occurs in Some Our Communities” The Zoologist; 1 (2): 91 – 104. 2002.
[22] Okali, C.G., and Iwuala, M.O.E. “The Prevalence, Intensity and Clinical Signs of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Imo State, Nigeria” Journal of Helminthology; 78: 337 – 342. 2004.
[23] Okpala, H.O., Agwu, E., Agba, M.I., Chimezie, O.R., Nwobu, G.O., and Ohihoin, A.A. “A Survey of the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis Among Pupils in Apata and Laranto Areas in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.” Online Journal of Health Allied Science; 1: 1 – 4.
[24] Rober, L. and Cirillo, Jr. “An article on Schistosomiasis”, Medicine Schistosomiasis; 2001. http://www.emedicine.Com.Radio/topic1.htm.
[25] Pietro Caramella, M.D. “Schistosomiasis,” Intestinal Helminths and Liver Parasites; 2001 http://www.edfound.Toit/HML/sch1.htm.
[26] Rudge, J.W., Stothand, J.R., Basanez, M., Ali, F.M., Khamis, I.S., Khamis, A.N., and Rollinson, D. “Micro – Epidemiology of Urinary Schistisomiasis in Zanzibar: Local Risk Factors Associated With Distribution of Infections Among School Children and Relevance For Control.” Acta Tropica; 105: 45 – 54. 2005.
[27] Sulyman, M.A., Fagbenro – Beyioku, A.F., Mafe, M.A., Omotola, B.D., Adedoyin, J.A. and Akande, D.O. “Scistosoma haematobium and Concurrent Parasitic Infections in School Aged Children.” Nigerian Journal of Parasitology; 30 (2): 79 – 85. 2009.
[28] Ugbomoiko, U.S., Ofaezie, I.E., Okoye, I.C. and Heukelbach, J. “Factors Associated With Urinary Schistosotomiasis in Two Peri – Urban Communities In South western Nigeria.”Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology; 104 (5): 409 – 419. 2010.
[29] Van der Werf, M.J., de Vlas, S.J., Brooker, S., Looman, C.W.N., Nangelkerke, N.J.D., Habbema, J.D.F. and Engels,D. “Quantification of Clinical Morbidity Associated With Schistosomiasis Infection in Sub – Saharan Africa” Acta Tropica; 86: 125 – 139. 2003.
[30] W.H.O. “Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis and Soil Transmitted Helminthiasis” W.H.O. Technical Report Series 912, Geneva. 2002.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    A. A., Biu, Gwana, A. M., Bako, et al. (2014). Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2(5), 69-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    A. A.; Biu; Gwana; A. M.; Bako, et al. Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2014, 2(5), 69-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    A. A., Biu, Gwana, A. M., Bako, et al. Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria. Eur J Prev Med. 2014;2(5):69-80. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12,
      author = {A. A. and Biu and Gwana and A. M. and Bako and M. M. and Bassey and E. E. and Bagudu and B. Y. and Bukar-Kolo and Y. and Sadiq and A. B. and Mustapha and U. M. and Abdullahi and M. M.},
      title = {Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria},
      journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {69-80},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20140205.12},
      abstract = {This research study was carried out on the survey on the awareness of Schistosomosis infections in Ngala Local Government Area, Borno, North Eastern Nigeria. The public awareness of the disease urinary or vesicle Schistosomosis (bilharzias) within the populace of the said communities has been determined. A total of 1000 respondents were involved, 572 (57%) males and 428 (43%) females, compound structured opened and closed ended questionnaires were administered randomly. The results obtained, revealed that, respondents under the age group of 9 to 18 years old are the highest in number while the least are 59 to 68 years old. Educational background; 44% acquired Arabic and the least is 16% craft skills, most of them are farmers 35%, 24% were said to be practicing traditional treatment for Schistosomosis when infected, 48% said the sign and symptoms is presence of blood in urine, and from all indication only 17% said that they are aware of the disease bilharzias and 83% of the respondents were not aware of the disease, neither it’s ways of contacting. There is no any relationship between the male and female respondents interviewed, when infected with the disease (bilharzias), they sort for traditional methods of treatment by using among common, are herbal concoctions and sour milk whey soaked with cornflakes as means of treatment. Only least numbers were patronizing clinics and hospitals for the proper treatment of the disease. Haemoparasitosis is endemic in tropical and sub tropical developing countries, including Nigeria; with Schistosomosis is seconded by Malaria are most common and very important childhood diseases and where sources of infection occur, especially, the Schistosom ahaematobium infection which is through contact with contaminated waters. The Government and or any authority concern should enlighten the populace of the communities on the awareness of the disease, Schistosomosi, its ways of infection, proper treatment and prevention. This is in order to control and eradicate the disease in this area.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Survey on the Awareness of Schistosomosis Infections in Gomboru – Ngala, North- Eastern Nigeria
    AU  - A. A.
    AU  - Biu
    AU  - Gwana
    AU  - A. M.
    AU  - Bako
    AU  - M. M.
    AU  - Bassey
    AU  - E. E.
    AU  - Bagudu
    AU  - B. Y.
    AU  - Bukar-Kolo
    AU  - Y.
    AU  - Sadiq
    AU  - A. B.
    AU  - Mustapha
    AU  - U. M.
    AU  - Abdullahi
    AU  - M. M.
    Y1  - 2014/09/10
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12
    T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
    JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
    JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
    SP  - 69
    EP  - 80
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8230
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20140205.12
    AB  - This research study was carried out on the survey on the awareness of Schistosomosis infections in Ngala Local Government Area, Borno, North Eastern Nigeria. The public awareness of the disease urinary or vesicle Schistosomosis (bilharzias) within the populace of the said communities has been determined. A total of 1000 respondents were involved, 572 (57%) males and 428 (43%) females, compound structured opened and closed ended questionnaires were administered randomly. The results obtained, revealed that, respondents under the age group of 9 to 18 years old are the highest in number while the least are 59 to 68 years old. Educational background; 44% acquired Arabic and the least is 16% craft skills, most of them are farmers 35%, 24% were said to be practicing traditional treatment for Schistosomosis when infected, 48% said the sign and symptoms is presence of blood in urine, and from all indication only 17% said that they are aware of the disease bilharzias and 83% of the respondents were not aware of the disease, neither it’s ways of contacting. There is no any relationship between the male and female respondents interviewed, when infected with the disease (bilharzias), they sort for traditional methods of treatment by using among common, are herbal concoctions and sour milk whey soaked with cornflakes as means of treatment. Only least numbers were patronizing clinics and hospitals for the proper treatment of the disease. Haemoparasitosis is endemic in tropical and sub tropical developing countries, including Nigeria; with Schistosomosis is seconded by Malaria are most common and very important childhood diseases and where sources of infection occur, especially, the Schistosom ahaematobium infection which is through contact with contaminated waters. The Government and or any authority concern should enlighten the populace of the communities on the awareness of the disease, Schistosomosi, its ways of infection, proper treatment and prevention. This is in order to control and eradicate the disease in this area.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Sections