@article{10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13,
  author = {Affangla Désiré Alain and Sow Coumba and Akanni Stéphanie Claudia and Faye Julien and Dione Jean-Michel Amath and Elame-Ngwa Hugues Eli and Ba Djibril Marie and Aw Fatou and Ngaide Aliou Alassane and Leye Mohamed Mamadou Cordior Ben Omar and Dieng Papa Adama},
  title = {Etiological Aspects of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: Multicentric Prospective Study of 126 Cases},
  journal = {Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {32-37},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ccr.20230702.13},
  abstract = {Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, there are other etiologies little reported. The objective of this work was to study the socio-demographic, clinical and etiological aspects of PAD. Patients and study method: This was a multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1st to October 30th, 2021, in Thies and Dakar, Senegal. Any clinically suspected PAD was confirmed by arterial Doppler ultrasound and/or CT angiography. Clinical, biological and ultrasound data were used to establish the etiology and diagnosis criteria of OLIN for the diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Results: A total of 126 patients were collected, 31 (24.6%) in Thies and 95 (75.4%) in Dakar. There were 72 men (57.1%) and 54 women (42.9%), a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.3. The average age was 62.5 years 10.8 years. The majority of patients had a low socio-economic profile (52%). Etiologies were dominated by atheromatous disease (n= 120; 95.2%) and the cardiovascular risk factors were in order of frequency: physical inactivity (n=98; 77.8%), type 2 diabetes (n=78; 62%), hypertension (n= 69; 54.8%), smoking (n= 46; 36.5%) and dyslipidemia (n=29; 23%). Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease) was the second etiology found in 5 patients (3.96% of cases) and concerned only men who regularly used tobacco and cannabis. One case of ANCA-associated vasculitis was also found. In addition, there was a considerable delay in diagnosis with 117 patients (92.8%) at the critical ischemia stage at the time of diagnosis and amputation of varying magnitude in 110 patients (87.3%). This delay in diagnosis was at least due to insufficient screening, limited access to arterial Doppler echo and the lack of specialized services in vascular medicine, outside the capital Dakar. Conclusion: The most common etiology of lower extremity PAD was atherosclerosis. Obliterating thromboangiitis was not uncommon. Early detection of PAD and control of risk factors for atherosclerosis must be the rule.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Etiological Aspects of Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: Multicentric Prospective Study of 126 Cases
AU  - Affangla Désiré Alain
AU  - Sow Coumba
AU  - Akanni Stéphanie Claudia
AU  - Faye Julien
AU  - Dione Jean-Michel Amath
AU  - Elame-Ngwa Hugues Eli
AU  - Ba Djibril Marie
AU  - Aw Fatou
AU  - Ngaide Aliou Alassane
AU  - Leye Mohamed Mamadou Cordior Ben Omar
AU  - Dieng Papa Adama
Y1  - 2023/05/29
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13
T2  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JF  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
JO  - Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research
SP  - 32
EP  - 37
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8914
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ccr.20230702.13
AB  - Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, there are other etiologies little reported. The objective of this work was to study the socio-demographic, clinical and etiological aspects of PAD. Patients and study method: This was a multicentre, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted from January 1st to October 30th, 2021, in Thies and Dakar, Senegal. Any clinically suspected PAD was confirmed by arterial Doppler ultrasound and/or CT angiography. Clinical, biological and ultrasound data were used to establish the etiology and diagnosis criteria of OLIN for the diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Results: A total of 126 patients were collected, 31 (24.6%) in Thies and 95 (75.4%) in Dakar. There were 72 men (57.1%) and 54 women (42.9%), a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.3. The average age was 62.5 years 10.8 years. The majority of patients had a low socio-economic profile (52%). Etiologies were dominated by atheromatous disease (n= 120; 95.2%) and the cardiovascular risk factors were in order of frequency: physical inactivity (n=98; 77.8%), type 2 diabetes (n=78; 62%), hypertension (n= 69; 54.8%), smoking (n= 46; 36.5%) and dyslipidemia (n=29; 23%). Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease) was the second etiology found in 5 patients (3.96% of cases) and concerned only men who regularly used tobacco and cannabis. One case of ANCA-associated vasculitis was also found. In addition, there was a considerable delay in diagnosis with 117 patients (92.8%) at the critical ischemia stage at the time of diagnosis and amputation of varying magnitude in 110 patients (87.3%). This delay in diagnosis was at least due to insufficient screening, limited access to arterial Doppler echo and the lack of specialized services in vascular medicine, outside the capital Dakar. Conclusion: The most common etiology of lower extremity PAD was atherosclerosis. Obliterating thromboangiitis was not uncommon. Early detection of PAD and control of risk factors for atherosclerosis must be the rule.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  - 

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