Abstract
A new prickleback is described based on six specimens collected by fish trap in southern Korea (water depth 5–12 m) in 2009 and 2010. The new prickleback is most similar to Dictyosoma burgeri and Dictyosoma rubrimaculatum in general morphology, but differs in the following combination of characters: dorsal contour of head almost a straight line; anal-fin rays 45–47; vertebrae 70–74; no blackish-brown blotches on head. In addition, mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences and recombination activating gene 2 (RAG2) sequences were analyzed for clarifying their genetic relationship. The neighbor-joining tree using mtDNA COI and nDNA RAG2 shows the reciprocal monophyly of the new prickleback. Accordingly, our specimens are regarded as a new species, named Dictyosoma tongyeongensis, after its type locality (Tongyeong).
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