The patient was a 73-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis. In July 1987, she developed the first hematemesis. An endoscopic examination showed blue varices with marked red color in the esophagus, and varices in the cardia with a red center. The esophageal varices were eradicated completely by endoscopic scierotherapy with 5% ethanolamine oleate injected intravasally into the esophagus, though the cardiac varices remained unaffected. In December 1987, she had a second hematemesis caused by rupture of the cardiac varices. Bleeding occurred from the red center of the cardiac varices. The red center predicting bleeding may be a significant indication for rupture of the cardiac varices. Bleeding was stopped by additional endoscopic sclerotherapy with 5% ethanolamine oleate injected intravasally into each of the cardiac varices, resulting in almost complete disappearance. To date, bleeding has not reoccurred, though a recent endoscopic examina-tion has revealed reccurence of cardiac varices. To prevent rupture of remaining gastric varices, not only esophageal varices but also gastric varices should be eradicated. In hemodynamics and in the histological structure of the mucosa, there is significant difference between the esophageal varices and gastric varices. Therefore in endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for gastric varices, it is important to maintain a long-term follow-up, with careful choice of sclerosing agent and dosage.