Focus diverse phase retrieval testbed development of continuous wavefront sensing for space telescope applications

Hyukmo Kang; Kyle Van Gorkom; Jess Johnson; Ole Singelstad; Aaron Goldtooth; Daewook Kim; Ewan S. Douglas

doi:10.1117/12.2677900

4 October 2023 Focus diverse phase retrieval testbed development of continuous wavefront sensing for space telescope applications

Hyukmo Kang, Kyle Van Gorkom, Jess Johnson, Ole Singelstad, Aaron Goldtooth, Daewook Kim, Ewan S. Douglas

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12677, Astronomical Optics: Design, Manufacture, and Test of Space and Ground Systems IV; 126770G (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677900
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2023, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Continuous wavefront sensing on future space telescopes allows relaxation of stability requirements while still allowing on-orbit diffraction-limited optical performance. We consider the suitability of phase retrieval to continuously reconstruct the phase of a wavefront from on-orbit irradiance measurements or point spread function (PSF) images. As phase retrieval algorithms do not require reference optics or complicated calibrations, it is a preferable technique for space observatories, such as the Hubble Space Telescope or the James Webb Space Telescope. To increase the robustness and dynamic range of the phase retrieval algorithm, multiple PSF images with known amount of defocus can be utilized. In this study, we describe a recently constructed testbed including a 97 actuator deformable mirror, changeable entrance pupil stops, and a light source. The aligned system wavefront error is below ≈ 30 nm. We applied various methods to generate a known wavefront error, such as defocus and/or other aberrations, and found the accuracy and precision of the root mean squared error of the reconstructed wavefronts to be less than ≈ 10 nm and ≈ 2 nm, respectively. Further, we discuss the signal-to-noise ratios required for continuous dynamic wavefront sensing. We also simulate the case of spacecraft drifting and verify the performance of the phase retrieval algorithm for continuous wavefront sensing in the presence of realistic disturbances.

Conference Presentation

(2023) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Hyukmo Kang, Kyle Van Gorkom, Jess Johnson, Ole Singelstad, Aaron Goldtooth, Daewook Kim, and Ewan S. Douglas "Focus diverse phase retrieval testbed development of continuous wavefront sensing for space telescope applications", Proc. SPIE 12677, Astronomical Optics: Design, Manufacture, and Test of Space and Ground Systems IV, 126770G (4 October 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677900

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