Exploring the potential of coherent imaging using photonic lanterns with beam combiners

Yoo Jung Kim; Michael P. Fitzgerald; Jonathan Lin; Steph Sallum; Yinzi Xin; Nemanja Jovanovic; Sergio Leon-Saval; Christopher Betters; Pradip Gatkine; Olivier Guyon; Julien Lozi; Dimitri Mawet; Barnaby Norris; Sebastien Vievard

doi:10.1117/12.2677054

5 October 2023 Exploring the potential of coherent imaging using photonic lanterns with beam combiners

Yoo Jung Kim, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Jonathan Lin, Steph Sallum, Yinzi Xin, Nemanja Jovanovic, Sergio Leon-Saval, Christopher Betters, Pradip Gatkine, Olivier Guyon, Julien Lozi, Dimitri Mawet, Barnaby Norris, Sebastien Vievard

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 12680, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI; 126800K (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677054
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2023, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Photonic Lanterns (PLs) are tapered waveguides that can efficiently couple multi-mode telescope light into a multi-mode fiber entrance at the focal plane and coherently convert it into multiple single-mode beams. Each SMF samples its unique mode (lantern mode) of the telescope light in the pupil, analogous to subapertures in aperture mask interferometry. In this study, we show the concept and potential of coherent imaging with PLs. It can be enabled by interfering SMF outputs and applying path length modulation, which can be achieved using a photonic chip beam combiner at the backend (e.g., the ABCD beam combiner). Using numerically simulated lantern modes of a six-port PL, we calculate interferometric observables for various input scenes. Our simulated observations suggest that PLs may offer significant benefits in the photon-noise limited regime and for resolving small-scale (⪅ λ/2D) asymmetries.

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Yoo Jung Kim, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Jonathan Lin, Steph Sallum, Yinzi Xin, Nemanja Jovanovic, Sergio Leon-Saval, Christopher Betters, Pradip Gatkine, Olivier Guyon, Julien Lozi, Dimitri Mawet, Barnaby Norris, and Sebastien Vievard "Exploring the potential of coherent imaging using photonic lanterns with beam combiners", Proc. SPIE 12680, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI, 126800K (5 October 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2677054

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KEYWORDS

Visibility

Single mode fibers

Interferometry

Beam combiners

Image restoration

Telescopes

Coherence imaging

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