Water is the most basic requirement of life, acting as a medium of exchange, transport, homeostasis and diffusion. We present a technique which leverages quantitative phase imaging (QPI) and a two-component mixture model to quantify, in absolute terms, the intracellular water fraction (by mass and volume) as well as the intracellular water volume in femtoliters. We demonstrate our technique by applying a single microsecond-duration electric pulse, and observe water influx in physiological buffer, water efflux in hyperosmotic buffer, and no movement across the membrane of synthetic vesicles. Dose response curves and channel blockers are employed to better understand underlying phenomena.
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