1887

Access Microbiology open research platform logo

Volume 5, Issue 10

Development and validation of a pentaplex assay for the identification of antibodies against common viral diseases in cattle Open Access

Abstract

Animal welfare and economic implications of infectious diseases in cattle demand an efficient surveillance as the foundation for control and eradication programmes. Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), Parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI3V), Bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1), Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), and Enzootic bovine leukosis virus (EBLV) cause common and often underdiagnosed diseases in cattle that are endemic in most countries [ 1 ]. A hallmark of individual exposure to a viral pathogen is the presence of antibodies directed towards that virus. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a pentaplex assay to simultaneously detect and quantify antibodies against BRSV, PI3V, BoHV-1, BVDV and EBLV in serum, as an efficient tool to yield epidemiological data. Monoplex assays were initially developed using either complete BRSV or BoHV-1 viral lysates, or recombinant proteins for BVDV, EBLV or PI3V as capture antigens. In addition, 125 serum samples from unvaccinated cattle, which were classified as positive or negative for each of the viruses by commercial ELISA kits, were used for validation. Conditions established for the Luminex monoplex assays were adopted for the pentaplex assay. The accuracy, determined by the area under the ROC curve, was greater than 0.97, and assay diagnostic sensitivities and specificities were over 95 and 90%, respectively, for all antigens. Intra (r) and interassay (R) coefficients of variation were under 10 and 20 %, respectively. Selectivity towards target viruses was shown by binding inhibition assays where unbound viruses reduced fluorescence intensities. Diagnostic agreement for samples analysed simultaneously in the monoplex and multiplex assays was almost perfect. In conclusion, a highly sensitive pentaplex assay was validated for the simultaneous identification of antibodies directed against BVDV, BoHV-1, PI3V, BRSV and EBLV in serum. The developed pentaplex assay complies with performance characteristics established by international guidelines for diagnostic tests and may be used as a tool for the implementation of epidemiological surveillance.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): BoHV-1 , BRSV , BVDV , EBLV , Multiplex and PI3V
Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • SAGARPA (Award project 32239-1463-2-VIII-12 SAGARPA)
    • Principle Award Recipient: CarlosG Gutierrez
© 2023 The Authors
  • This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3
2023-10-17
2024-04-30
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/acmi/5/10/acmi000511.v3.html?itemId=/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. WAHIS World animal health information system; 2020 http://wahis.woah.org/#/home accessed 8 October 2022
  2. Rodriguez A, Alonso-Morales R, Lassala A, Rangel P L, Ramírez-Andoney V et al. Development and validation of a pentaplex assay for the identification of antibodies against common viral diseases in cattle Figshare 2023 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Sacco RE, McGill JL, Pillatzki AE, Palmer MV, Ackermann MR. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in cattle. Vet Pathol 2014; 51:427–436 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Sarmiento-Silva RE, Nakamura-Lopez Y, Vaughan G. Epidemiology, molecular epidemiology and evolution of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Viruses 2012; 4:3452–3467 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Wilkins PA, Woolums AR. Diseases of the respiratory system. In Smith B. eds Large Animal Internal Medicine, Fourth ed. Elsevier; 2009
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bowland SL, Shewen PE. Bovine respiratory disease: commercial vaccines currently available in Canada. Can Vet J 2000; 41:33–48
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Iscaro C, Cambiotti V, Petrini S, Feliziani F. Control programs for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in European countries: an overview. Anim Health Res Rev 2021; 22:136–146 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Vonk Noordegraaf A, Buijtels JAAM, Dijkhuizen AA, Franken P, Stegeman JA et al. An epidemiological and economic simulation model to evaluate the spread and control of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in The Netherlands. Prev Vet Med 1998; 36:219–238 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Evans CA, Pinior B, Larska M, Graham D, Schweizer M et al. Global knowledge gaps in the prevention and control of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:640–652 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Bartlett PC, Ruggiero VJ, Hutchinson HC, Droscha CJ, Norby B et al. Current developments in the epidemiology and control of enzootic bovine leukosis as caused by bovine leukemia virus. Pathogens 2020; 9:1058 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Erskine R, Sordillo L. Bovine leukosis virus update I: prevalence, economic losses, and management. Michigan Dairy Review 2009; 14:
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Silva B e, Aragão BB, Pinheiro Junior JW et al. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Economic impacts of bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 infection in Brazil: meta-analysis based on epidemiological indicators. Semina Ciênc Agrár 2021; 42:3355–3378 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Betancur Hurtado C, Orrego Uribe A, González Tous M. Estudio seroepidemiológico del virus de parainfluenza 3 en bovinos del municipio de Montería (Colombia) con trastornos reproductivos. Rev Med Vet 2010; 1:63–70 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Christopher-Hennings J, Araujo KPC, Souza CJH, Fang Y, Lawson S et al. Opportunities for bead-based multiplex assays in veterinary diagnostic laboratories. J Vet Diagn Invest 2013; 25:671–691 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Otoo JA, Schlappi TS. REASSURED multiplex diagnostics: a critical review and forecast. Biosensors 2022; 12:124 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Anderson S, Wakeley P, Wibberley G, Webster K, Sawyer J. Development and evaluation of a Luminex multiplex serology assay to detect antibodies to bovine herpes virus 1, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus, with comparison to existing ELISA detection methods. J Immunol Methods 2011; 366:79–88 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Langenhorst RJ, Lawson S, Kittawornrat A, Zimmerman JJ, Sun Z et al. Development of a fluorescent microsphere immunoassay for detection of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using oral fluid samples as an alternative to serum-based assays. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2012; 19:180–189 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Go YY, Wong SJ, Branscum AJ, Demarest VL, Shuck KM et al. Development of a fluorescent-microsphere immunoassay for detection of antibodies specific to equine arteritis virus and comparison with the virus neutralization test. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2008; 15:76–87 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Graham H, Chandler DJ, Dunbar SA. The genesis and evolution of bead-based multiplexing. Methods 2019; 158:2–11 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Ramakrishnan MA. Determination of 50% endpoint titer using a simple formula. World J Virol 2016; 5:85–86 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Jacobson RH. Validation of serological assays for diagnosis of infectious diseases. Rev Sci Tech 1998; 17:469–526 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. OIE Principios y métodos de validación de las pruebas de diagnóstico de las enfermedades infecciosas. In Manual Terrestre de La OIE 2018 pp 1–18
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Angeloni S, Das S, Jager W, Dunbar S. xMAP® Cookbook a collection of methods and protocols for developing multiplex assays with xMAP®; 2022 www.luminexcorp.com
  24. Chowdhury F, Williams A, Johnson P. Validation and comparison of two multiplex technologies, luminex and mesoscale discovery, for human cytokine profiling. J Immunol Methods 2009; 340:55–64 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Association of Official Analytical Chemists AOAC Guidelines for single laboratory validation of chemical methods for dietary supplements and botanicals, pp. 1–38; 2002 www.AOAC.org
  26. Hayden SR, Brown MD. Likelihood ratio: a powerful tool for incorporating the results of a diagnostic test into clinical decisionmaking. Ann Emerg Med 1999; 33:575–580 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-177-SSA1-2013, Pub. L. No. 177 México: Secretaría de salud; 2013 pp 1–75
     [Google Scholar]
  28. United States Pharmacopeial Convention Pharmacopeia of EE Rockville, MD: UU, USP 42 &; NF 37. Inc; 2019
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Vessman J, Stefan RI, van Staden JF, Danzer K, Lindner W et al. Selectivity in analytical chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 2001). Pure Appl Chem 2001; 73:1381–1386 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Cerda L J, Villarroel Del P L. Evaluación de la concordancia inter-observador en investigación pediátrica: Coeficiente de Kappa. Rev Chil Pediatr 2008; 79:54–58 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Landis JR, Koch GG. An application of hierarchical kappa-type statistics in the assessment of majority agreement among multiple observers. Biometrics 1977; 33:363–374 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Magnusson B, Örnemark U. Eurachem guide: the fitness for purpose of analytical methods - a laboratory guide to method validation and related topics, 2nd ed; 2014 http://www.eurachem.org ISBN:9789187461590
  33. Bastarache JA, Koyama T, Wickersham NE, Mitchell DB, Mernaugh RL et al. Accuracy and reproducibility of a multiplex immunoassay platform: a validation study. J Immunol Methods 2011; 367:33–39 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Clotilde LM, Bernard C 4th, Salvador A, Lin A, Lauzon CR et al. A 7-plex microbead-based immunoassay for serotyping Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli . J Microbiol Methods 2013; 92:226–230 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Silva Fuente-Alba C, Molina Villagra M. Likelihood ratio (razón de verosimilitud): definición y aplicación en Radiología. Revista Argentina de Radiología 2017; 81:204–208 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Findlay JW, Smith WC, Lee JW, Nordblom GD, Das I et al. Validation of immunoassays for bioanalysis: a pharmaceutical industry perspective. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2000; 21:1249–1273 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Rey EG, O’Dell D, Mehta S, Erickson D. Mitigating the Hook effect in lateral flow sandwich immunoassays using real-time reaction kinetics. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5095–5100 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Ravindran R, Khan IH, Krishnan VV, Ziman M, Kendall LV et al. Validation of multiplex microbead immunoassay for simultaneous serodetection of multiple infectious agents in laboratory mouse. J Immunol Methods 2010; 363:51–59 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Ray CA, Bowsher RR, Smith WC, Devanarayan V, Willey MB et al. Development, validation, and implementation of a multiplex immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of five cytokines in human serum. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 36:1037–1044 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Fontana S, Pacciarini M, Boifava M, Pellesi R, Casto B et al. Development and evaluation of two multi-antigen serological assays for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 153:118–126 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Makoschey B, Berge AC. Review on bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza - usual suspects in bovine respiratory disease - a narrative review. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:261 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Van Campen H. Epidemiology and control of BVD in the U.S. Vet Microbiol 2010; 142:94–98 [View Article] [PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3
Loading
Development and validation of a pentaplex assay for the identification of antibodies against common viral diseases in cattle
Access Microbiology 5, 000511.v3 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3
/content/journal/acmi/10.1099/acmi.0.000511.v3
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Loading data from figshare Loading data from figshare

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error