Issue 21, 2024

A highly selective and high-performance sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-based hybrid membrane enabled by complexed UiO-66-NH2 and sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride for vanadium flow batteries

Abstract

A series of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) hybrid membranes (SPEEK/NF) with constant 1 wt% complexed nanofillers (NF) comprising UiO-66-NH2 and sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride (s-g-C3N4) are prepared through the solution-blending method. As the ratio of UiO-66-NH2/s-g-C3N4 amounts to 1 : 1, the SPEEK/NF-1 : 1 membrane shows the highest ion selectivity (111.3 × 103 S min cm−3) and the lowest vanadium ion permeability (2.5 × 10−7 cm2 min−1). In the meantime, it further presents outstanding energy efficiency (85.9–76.1%) and ultra-long self-discharge time (136.1 h) at a current density of 100–200 mA cm−2. The acid–base interaction originating from the –NH2 and –SO3H groups in the SPEEK/NF hybrid membranes provides a stable protonation network, and the synergistic ion screening ability and physical blocking effect from UiO-66-NH2 and s-g-C3N4 maintain 79.9% energy efficiency, 0.29% capacity decay rate per cycle and good chemical stability for SPEEK/NF-1 : 1. Thus, the manipulation of acid–base interaction and synergistic ion barriers enabled by two-dimensional nanostructured materials allow us to explore highly selective SPEEK/NF hybrid membranes, showing great prospects in VFB applications.

Graphical abstract: A highly selective and high-performance sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-based hybrid membrane enabled by complexed UiO-66-NH2 and sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride for vanadium flow batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 Feb 2024
Accepted
22 Apr 2024
First published
23 Apr 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 12876-12888

A highly selective and high-performance sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)-based hybrid membrane enabled by complexed UiO-66-NH2 and sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride for vanadium flow batteries

C. Zhao, H. Wang, L. Li, L. Liu, X. Cui and H. Shi, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 12876 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00988F

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