Mechanism and thermal effects of phytic acid-assisted porous carbon sheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Riguang Cheng; Jiaxi Liu; Pantrangi Manasa; Mi Zhou; Yanxun Guan; Kexiang Zhang; Xiangcheng Lin; Federico Rosei; Aleskey A. Pimerzin; Hans Jürgen Seifert; Fen Xu; Lixian Sun; Dan Cai; Julan Zeng; Zhong Cao; Hongge Pan

doi:10.1039/D3QI01926H

Mechanism and thermal effects of phytic acid-assisted porous carbon sheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries†

Riguang Cheng,^a Jiaxi Liu,^a Pantrangi Manasa,^b Mi Zhou,^c Yanxun Guan,^a Kexiang Zhang,^a Xiangcheng Lin,^a Federico Rosei,

^d Aleskey A. Pimerzin,^e Hans Jürgen Seifert,^f Fen Xu,

*^a Lixian Sun,

*^a Dan Cai,*^a Julan Zeng,^g Zhong Cao^g and Hongge Pan^h

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* Corresponding authors

^a School of Materials Science & Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials and Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China
E-mail: sunlx@guet.edu.cn, xufen@guet.edu.cn, dancai1985@guet.edu.cn

^b University of electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, PR China

^c Huaneng Beijing Co-Generation Co., Ltd., Beijing, PR China

^d Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, Varennes, Québec, Canada

^e Chemical Department, Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia

^f Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann von Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany

^g Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China

^h School of New Energy Science and Technology, Xi'an Technological, University, China

Abstract

High energy density, stable, and inexpensive electrode materials have the potential to improve the performance of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Developing high porosity, high conductivity, and a network framework for multidirectional ion transfer in Li–S batteries, on the other hand, remains a significant challenge. Nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped porous carbon sheets (PCS900) are designed and synthesized here with high porosity and abundant active sites. PCS900 can withstand high sulphur loading while also providing multidirectional ion transport channels. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that nitrogen and phosphorus co-dopants play an important role in suppressing the shuttle effect via the chemical interaction between sulfur and the carbon framework. At a current density of 1 C, the PCS900/S electrode has an initial specific capacity of 737 mA h g⁻¹, and the average capacity decay rate per 500 cycles is as low as 0.079%. Furthermore, the heat released during the discharging process is greater than the heat released during the charging process due to the combination of in situ XRD and microcalorimetry techniques.

Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers

Mechanism and thermal effects of phytic acid-assisted porous carbon sheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries†

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Mechanism and thermal effects of phytic acid-assisted porous carbon sheets for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

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