Issue 15, 2023

Surface enrichment dictates block copolymer orientation

Abstract

Orientation of block copolymer (BCP) morphology in thin films is critical to applications as nanostructured coatings. Despite being well-studied, the ability to control BCP orientation across all possible block constituents remains challenging. Here, we deploy coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to study diblock copolymer ordering in thin films, focusing on chain makeup, substrate surface energy, and surface tension disparity between the two constituent blocks. We explore the multi-dimensional parameter space of ordering using a machine-learning approach, where an autonomous loop using a Gaussian process (GP) control algorithm iteratively selects high-value simulations to compute. The GP kernel was engineered to capture known symmetries. The trained GP model serves as both a complete map of system response, and a robust means of extracting material knowledge. We demonstrate that the vertical orientation of BCP phases depends on several counter-balancing energetic contributions, including entropic and enthalpic material enrichment at interfaces, distortion of morphological objects through the film depth, and of course interfacial energies. BCP lamellae are found more resistant to these effects, and thus more robustly form vertical orientations across a broad range of conditions; while BCP cylinders are found to be highly sensitive to surface tension disparity.

Graphical abstract: Surface enrichment dictates block copolymer orientation

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Jan 2023
Accepted
23 Feb 2023
First published
27 Feb 2023

Nanoscale, 2023,15, 6901-6912

Author version available

Surface enrichment dictates block copolymer orientation

S. Bae, M. M. Noack and K. G. Yager, Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 6901 DOI: 10.1039/D3NR00095H

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