Issue 3, 2024

Determining methane mole fraction at a landfill site using the Figaro Taguchi gas sensor 2611-C00 and wind direction measurements

Abstract

Top-down (atmospheric measurement-based) methane fluxes from individual emitting facilities are needed to reduce uncertainties in the global methane budget. This typically requires in situ methane mole fraction ([CH4]), traditionally measured using high-precision optical sensors. We show that the semiconductor-based Figaro Taguchi Gas Sensor (TGS) is a cheaper alternative. Two TGS loggers were deployed near a landfill site. Logger-1 uses a pumped cell, containing one TGS 2602, two TGS 2611-C00 and one TGS 2611-E00; laboratory testing showed methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulphide sensitivity for each TGS. Logger-2 uses an external fan, containing one TGS 2611-C00. The tested TGS 2611-C00 and TGS 2611-E00 units could yield [CH4] during landfill deployment, by first modelling a reference baseline resistance in field conditions, representative of background (reference) [CH4] sampling. Background sampling was identified using wind direction from a designated background segment, which yielded a baseline resistance model as a function of time (incorporating long-term background effects), water mole fraction and temperature. The ratio between measured TGS resistance and modelled baseline resistance was converted into [CH4], using a two-term modified power fit. Logger-1 methane fitting coefficients were derived during laboratory testing, while Logger-2 coefficients used a 1.49% field sampling subset, alongside a high-precision reference (HPR) instrument. Reconstructed minute-averaged Logger-2 [CH4] for TGS 2611-C00 was compared to the HPR up to 31.5 ppm [CH4] (excluding [CH4] fitting data), resulting in a ±0.55 ppm [CH4] root-mean squared error (RMSE), for 295.2 overall sampling days (excluding data gaps). Reconstructed Logger-1 [CH4] RMSE compared to the HPR was ±0.67 ppm and ±0.77 ppm for the two TGS 2611-C00 and ±1.17 ppm for the TGS 2611-E00, up to 29.3 ppm [CH4], for 147.9 overall sampling days. Field TGS 2611-C00 superiority above other Logger-1 sensors is supported by laboratory tests, which showed TGS 2611-C00 to be most methane-sensitive. In summary, we show that the TGS 2611-C00 is an ideal low-cost sensor to measure [CH4] from facility-scale sources, with a field RMSE below ±1 ppm. This work represents the first application of TGS resistance ratios to yield parts-per-million level [CH4] field measurements, using a dynamic baseline resistance model.

Graphical abstract: Determining methane mole fraction at a landfill site using the Figaro Taguchi gas sensor 2611-C00 and wind direction measurements

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 Sep 2023
Accepted
19 Feb 2024
First published
26 Feb 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 2024,4, 362-386

Determining methane mole fraction at a landfill site using the Figaro Taguchi gas sensor 2611-C00 and wind direction measurements

A. Shah, O. Laurent, G. Broquet, C. Philippon, P. Kumar, E. Allegrini and P. Ciais, Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 2024, 4, 362 DOI: 10.1039/D3EA00138E

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements